<i>Candida</i>, still number one – what do we know and where are we going from there?

Segal, Esther

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2005.01103.x

Cited by 51 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…are the most common causative species of fungal infections. 5,6 Among Candida spp, Candida albicans is the major global pathogen, causing 50%-70% of candidiasis cases. 7 The increasing emergence of antimicrobial drug resistance has significantly compromised the management of fungal infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial blue light inactivation ofCandida albicans:In vitroandin vivostudies

et al. 2016

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Fungal infections are a common cause of morbidity, mortality and cost in critical care populations. The increasing emergence of antimicrobial resistance necessitates the development of new therapeutic approaches for fungal infections. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of an innovative approach, antimicrobial blue light (aBL), for inactivation of Candida albicans in vitro and in infected mouse burns. A bioluminescent strain of C. albicans was used. The susceptibilities to aBL (415 nm) were compared between C. albicans and human keratinocytes. The potential development of aBL resistance by C. albicans was investigated via 10 serial passages of C. albicans on aBL exposure. For the animal study, a mouse model of thermal burn infected with the bioluminescent C. albicans strain was used. aBL was delivered to mouse burns approximately 12 h after fungal inoculation. Bioluminescence imaging was performed to monitor in real time the extent of infection in mice. The results obtained from the studies demonstrated that C. albicans was approximately 42-fold more susceptible to aBL than human keratinocytes. Serial passaging of C. albicans on aBL exposure implied a tendency of reduced aBL susceptibility of C. albicans with increasing numbers of passages; however, no statistically significant difference was observed in the post-aBL survival rate of C. albicans between the first and the last passage (P>0.05). A single exposure of 432 J/cm(2) aBL reduced the fungal burden in infected mouse burns by 1.75-log10 (P=0.015). Taken together, our findings suggest aBL is a potential therapeutic for C. albicans infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial blue light inactivation ofCandida albicans:In vitroandin vivostudies

et al. 2016

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“…Candida albicans is the pathogenic fungus most commonly found in the general population; its ease of transmission in hospitals causes high comorbidity rates [ 1 , 2 ]. This species causes mucosal infections, mainly oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC); however, the relevant nosocomial presentation is related to candidaemia and invasive candidiasis which is associated with high mortality rates (~49 %) in an ICU [ 3 ]. C. albicans minor and related species have been identified worldwide and, interestingly, types may be associated with particular patterns of clinical presentation [ 4 – 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterising atypical Candida albicans clinical isolates from six third-level hospitals in Bogotá, Colombia

et al. 2015

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BackgroundCandida species are the most frequently found fungal pathogens causing nosocomial disease in a hospital setting. Such species must be correctly identified to ensure that appropriate control measures are taken and that suitable treatment is given for each species. Candida albicans is causing most fungal disease burden worldwide; the challenge lies in differentiating it from emerging atypical, minor and related species such as Candida dubliniensis and Candida africana. The purpose of this study was to compare identification based on MALDI-TOF MS to standard identification systems using a set of nosocomial isolates.MethodsEleven nosocomial samples were collected from 6 third-level hospitals in Bogotá, Colombia. All the samples were identified by combining MALDI-TOF MS with morphological characters, carbohydrate assimilation and molecular markers (D1/D2 and HWP1).ResultsThe present work describes the first collection of atypical Colombian Candida clinical isolates; these were identified as Candida albicans/Candida africana by their MALDI-TOF MS profile. Phenotypical characteristics showed that they were unable to produce chlamydospores, assimilate trehalose, glucosamine, N- acetyl-glucosamine and barely grew at 42 °C, as would be expected for Candida africana. The molecular identification of the D1/D2 region of large subunit ribosomal RNA and HWP1 hyphal cell wall protein 1 sequences from these isolates was consistent with those for Candida albicans. The mass spectra obtained by MALDI-TOF MS were analysed by multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) and cluster analysis, differences being revealed between Candida albicans, Candida africana, Candida dubliniensis reference spectra and two clinical isolate groups which clustered according to the clinical setting, one of them being clearly related to C. albicans.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of using MALDI-TOF MS in combination with morphology, substrate assimilation and molecular markers for characterising Candida albicans-related and atypical C. albicans species, thereby overcoming conventional identification methods. This is the first report of hospital-obtained isolates of this type in Colombia; the approach followed might be useful for gathering knowledge regarding local epidemiology which could, in turn, have an impact on clinical management. The findings highlight the complexity of distinguishing between typical and atypical Candida albicans isolates in hospitals.

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“…C. albicans has been a major factor of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, but other Candida spp. such as C. glabrata and C. krusei have expanded in the recent years (21 - 23). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Anti-Candida Activity of the Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Heracleum persicum Fruit Against Phatogenic Candida Species

Nejad

Rajabi

Mamoudabadi

et al. 2014

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Nowadays Candida albicans has become resistant to the toxic and expensive commercial anti-Candida drugs. Therefore, investigation for new anti-fungal agents is necessary.Objectives:The purpose of this survey was to investigate the in vitro anti-Candida activity of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Heracleum persicum fruit.Materials and Methods:The plant ingredients were extracted using 80% ethanol and the extract was screened against 46 isolated pathogenic Candida species such as C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis by agar well diffusion method.Results:The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values at 24 and 48 hours were 0.625 - 20 µg/µL for C. albicans, 0.625 - 40 µg/µL for C. glabrata, and 5.0 - 20 µg/µL for C. tropicalis.Conclusions:The results of this survey confirmed that tested plant extract had a potential anti-Candida activity. Hence, it is suggested to isolate and identify its active compounds in future.

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Candida, still number one – what do we know and where are we going from there?

Cited by 51 publications

References 49 publications

Antimicrobial blue light inactivation ofCandida albicans:In vitroandin vivostudies

Antimicrobial blue light inactivation ofCandida albicans:In vitroandin vivostudies

Characterising atypical Candida albicans clinical isolates from six third-level hospitals in Bogotá, Colombia

In Vitro Anti-Candida Activity of the Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Heracleum persicum Fruit Against Phatogenic Candida Species

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