<i>Campylobacter</i>bacteremia: A rare and under-reported event?

Louwen, Rogier; Baarlen, Peter van; Vliet, Arnoud H. M. van; Belkum, Alex van; Hays, John P.; Endtz, Hubert P.

doi:10.1556/eujmi.2.2012.1.11

Cited by 49 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…At least 10 different Campylobacter species have been documented in bacteremia cases, but bacteremia cases associated with C. lari, C. insulaenigrae, and C. upsaliensis infections are rare (1,80,199,200). Campylobacter-associated bacteremia cases are often underreported (201). Most cases occur in elderly or immunocompromised patients with one or more concurrent pathologies, including liver cirrhosis or neoplasia; among these patients, 10 to 15% die within 30 days of disease diagnosis (202)(203)(204).…”

Section: Bacteremia and Septicemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Campylobacter jejuni infection is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of the last century. The incidence and prevalence of campylobacteriosis have increased in both developed and developing countries over the last 10 years. The dramatic increase in North America, Europe, and Australia is alarming, and data from parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East indicate that campylobacteriosis is endemic in these areas, especially in children. In addition to C. jejuni , there is increasing recognition of the clinical importance of emerging Campylobacter species, including Campylobacter concisus and Campylobacter ureolyticus . Poultry is a major reservoir and source of transmission of campylobacteriosis to humans. Other risk factors include consumption of animal products and water, contact with animals, and international travel. Strategic implementation of multifaceted biocontrol measures to reduce the transmission of this group of pathogens is paramount for public health. Overall, campylobacteriosis is still one of the most important infectious diseases that is likely to challenge global health in the years to come. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the global epidemiology, transmission, and clinical relevance of Campylobacter infection.

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Section: Bacteremia and Septicemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection

et al. 2015

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“…Several virulence factors have been identified. Bacterial risk factors for bacteraemia include the expression of cytotoxin, flagella and serum resistance although putative virulence genes iam, capA, virB and cdtB are not associated with bacteremia [28,29]. Several species of Campylobacter may also circumvent the immune system by, for example preventing effective stimulation of toll-like receptors 5 and 9 [30].…”

Section: This Study Describes the Clinical And Epidemiological Featurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Campylobacter bacteremia in London: A 44-year single-center study

O’Hara

Fitchett

Klein

2017

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease

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Purpose Campylobacter species are a well recognized but rare cause of bloodstream infection. Results Patients had a mean age of 46 years and, contrasting with previous reports, nearly 50% of our patients did not have significant comorbidities. MethodsCiprofloxacin resistance increased over the study period with 35% of isolates overall being resistant compared with only 3% exhibiting macrolide resistance.Despite a minority of patients receiving appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy, overall mortality was only 7%.Conclusion Campylobacter bacteraemia remains a rare but significant cause of morbidity with a low associated mortality. Underlying immunosuppressive conditions are common but by no means universal. In our setting, macrolides would be favoured as empirical agents to treat suspected Campylobacter enteritis, including cases with associated bacteraemia.

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“…Both PPK1 and PPK2 are necessary for C. jejuni colonization in chickens[4,24,25,27]. These data suggest that PPKs could at least be targeted for controlling C. jejuni colonization in chickens, which likely would aid in reducing human infections.…”

Section: Ppks As Promising Drug and Vaccine Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphosphate and associated enzymes as global regulators of stress response and virulence inCampylobacter jejuni

Kumar

Gangaiah

Torrelles

et al. 2016

WJG

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Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni), a Gram-negative microaerophilic bacterium, is a predominant cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. Despite its importance as a major foodborne pathogen, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying C. jejuni stress survival and pathogenesis is limited. Inorganic polyphosphate (poly P) has been shown to play significant roles in bacterial resistance to stress and virulence in many pathogenic bacteria. C. jejuni contains the complete repertoire of enzymes required for poly P metabolism. Recent work in our laboratory and others have demonstrated that poly P controls a plethora of C. jejuni properties that impact its ability to survive in the environment as well as to colonize/infect mammalian hosts. This review article summarizes the current literature on the role of poly P in C. jejuni stress survival and virulence and discusses on how poly P-related enzymes can be exploited for therapeutic/prevention purposes. Additionally, the review article identifies potential areas for future investigation that would enhance our understanding of the role of poly P in C. jejuni and other bacteria, which ultimately would facilitate design of effective therapeutic/preventive strategies to reduce not only the burden of C. jejuni-caused foodborne infections but also of other bacterial infections in humans.

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Campylobacterbacteremia: A rare and under-reported event?

Cited by 49 publications

References 118 publications

Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection

Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection

Campylobacter bacteremia in London: A 44-year single-center study

Polyphosphate and associated enzymes as global regulators of stress response and virulence inCampylobacter jejuni

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