Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system and enzymes of the glutathione-dependent antioxidant system during stress and aging

Abstract

Activity of glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione transferase) in blood erythrocytes from female Macaca mulatta (6-8 and 20-26 years) was measured during activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system under conditions of acute psychoemotional stress (2-h restraint stress). Glutathione reductase activity increased during stress, depended on the time of day, and strongly correlated with blood corticosteroid level. Circadian variations in stress reactivity of glutathione reductase during aging were accompanied by similar changes in stress reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system.

Age-Dependent Changes in Glutathione-S-Transferase: Correlation with Total Plasma Antioxidant Potential and Red Cell Intracellular Glutathione

“…It has been reported that GST activity increase in conditions of stress [21]. Viewed in conjunction with our previous findings of age-dependent increase in activity of plasma SOD and CAT, and decreased antioxidant potential and GSH, we hypothesize that the human body has inherent compensatory mechanisms against oxidative stress, however, this capacity gets overwhelmed during aging.…”

Antiaging effect of dietary chitosan supplementation on glutathione-dependent antioxidant system in young and aged rats

“…Inhibition of GSH-dependent antioxidant enzymes makes myocardial cell membranes more susceptible to oxidative damage in aging. GSH and GSH-dependent enzyme systems may be directly related to the pathogenic mechanisms related to age-associated disorders (Goncharova et al 2007). …”

Hematological Parameters and Redox Balance of Rat Blood in the Dynamics of Immobilization

“…This correlation disappeared after 3 h (r=0.002, r=0.18, and r=0.47 for SOD, GP, and catalase, respectively). The correlation between GP activity and RG concentration tended to increase at all terms and was maximal after 3 h (r=0.74, p<0.05), which can be associated with increased activity of glutathione reductase [3]. It can be hypothesized that strengthening of correlations indicates tension of the antioxidant system in erythrocytes 1 h after immobilization induced by oxidative stress.…”

“…Stress induces quantitative and qualitative changes in blood cell composition [4]. The study of the relationships between hematological and biochemical parameters of the blood can reveal the compensatory mechanisms of adaptation to stress that can cause pathology [3].Here we studied hematological and biochemical parameters of rat blood in the dynamics of immobilization. …”