Hypergolic Ionic Liquid Fuels and Oxidizers

Gao, Haixiang; Li, Songqing; Thottempudi, Venugopal; Maciejewski, John P.; Vo, Thao T.; He, Ling; Zhang, Qinghua; Shreeve, Jean’ne M.

doi:10.1615/intjenergeticmaterialschemprop.2014011111

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…To date, many kinds of HILs have been developed, particularly B−H‐based HILs . Owing to their strong reducibility, B−H‐based anions usually play the part of the “hypergolic trigger” in HILs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Bis(imidazolyl)–BH₂]⁺[Bis(triazolyl)–BH₂]⁻ Ionic Liquids with High Density and Energy Capacity

Jiao

Zhang

et al. 2018

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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[Bis(imidazolyl)-BH ] [bis(triazolyl)-BH ] and [bis(imidazolyl)-BH ] [tris(triazolyl)-BH] were synthesized, the cations and anions of which were functionalized with B-H groups and azoles. As B-H groups contribute to the hypergolic activity and azole groups improve the energy output, the resulting ionic liquids exhibited ignition delay times as low as 20 ms and energy outputs as high as 461.1 kJ mol . In addition, densities (1.07-1.22 g cm ) and density-specific impulse (≈360 s g cm ) values reached a relatively high level. These ionic liquids show great promise as sustainable rocket fuels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Bis(imidazolyl)–BH₂]⁺[Bis(triazolyl)–BH₂]⁻ Ionic Liquids with High Density and Energy Capacity

Jiao

Zhang

et al. 2018

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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“…Many false attempts of viable replacements for hydrazine and its derivatives, especially a lot of toxic systems which were adopted as fuels including mixtures of hydrazine hydrate, methanol, water and aminobenzenes were made by many propellant researchers. [2] Given the growing requirements of replacing toxic hydrazine derivatives in traditional liquid bipropellants, chemists have been continuously devoting their efforts to explore green alternative fuels. As such, much attention has recently been paid to ionic liquids (ILs) owing to the promising advantages of low vapor pressure, low toxicity, low phase transition temperature and high thermal stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Improved Properties of Hypergolic Boronium‐Based Ionic Liquids

Lü

Wang

et al. 2016

Chin. J. Chem.

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A series of asymmetric monoimidazolium dihydroboronium-based ionic liquids (ILs) were synthesized from amine-boranes. All the resulting ILs were fully characterized by 1 H and 13 C NMR, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis or high resolution mass spectrum. Compared with the symmetric bisimidazolium dihydroboronium-based ILs, these new ILs exhibited improved properties with shorter ignition delay times (IDs), higher densities, and lower phase transition temperature showing the promising application potential as green propellants.

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Borohydride Ionic Liquids as Hypergolic Fuels: A Quest for Improved Stability

Chand

Zhang

Shreeve

2015

Chemistry A European J

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Hydrazine and its derivatives are used as fuels in rocket propellant systems; however, due to high vapor pressure, toxicity, and carcinogenicity, handling of such compounds is extremely hazardous. Hypergolic ionic liquids have shown great promise to become viable replacements for hydrazines as fuels. Borohydride-containing ionic liquids have now been synthesized using a more efficient synthetic pathway that does not require liquid ammonia and halide precursors. Among the eight new compounds, 1-allyl-3-n-butyl-imidazolium borohydride (1) and 1, 3-diallylimidazolium borohydride (5) exhibit very short ignition-delay times (ID) of 8 and 3 ms, respectively. The hydrolytic stability of borohydride compounds has been greatly improved by attaching long-chain alkyl substituents to the imidazole ring. 1,3-Di-(n-octyl)-imidazolium borohydride (3) is a water stable borohydride-containing ionic liquid. 1,3-Di-(n-butyl)-imidazolium borohydride (2) is a unique example of a borohydride liquid crystal. These ionic liquids have some unusual advantages, including negligible vapor pressures, good ignition delay (ID) times, and reduced synthetic and storage costs, thereby showing good application potential as environmentally friendly fuels in bipropellant formulations. In addition, they also have potential applications in the form of reducing agents and hydrogen storage materials.

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Hypergolic Ionic Liquid Fuels and Oxidizers

Cited by 4 publications

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[Bis(imidazolyl)–BH₂]⁺[Bis(triazolyl)–BH₂]⁻ Ionic Liquids with High Density and Energy Capacity

[Bis(imidazolyl)–BH₂]⁺[Bis(triazolyl)–BH₂]⁻ Ionic Liquids with High Density and Energy Capacity

Synthesis and Improved Properties of Hypergolic Boronium‐Based Ionic Liquids

Borohydride Ionic Liquids as Hypergolic Fuels: A Quest for Improved Stability

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Hypergolic Ionic Liquid Fuels and Oxidizers

Cited by 4 publications

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[Bis(imidazolyl)–BH2]+[Bis(triazolyl)–BH2]− Ionic Liquids with High Density and Energy Capacity

[Bis(imidazolyl)–BH2]+[Bis(triazolyl)–BH2]− Ionic Liquids with High Density and Energy Capacity

Synthesis and Improved Properties of Hypergolic Boronium‐Based Ionic Liquids

Borohydride Ionic Liquids as Hypergolic Fuels: A Quest for Improved Stability

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[Bis(imidazolyl)–BH₂]⁺[Bis(triazolyl)–BH₂]⁻ Ionic Liquids with High Density and Energy Capacity

[Bis(imidazolyl)–BH₂]⁺[Bis(triazolyl)–BH₂]⁻ Ionic Liquids with High Density and Energy Capacity