Hydroxystilbenes in the roots of Rheum rhaponticum

Aaviksaar, Aavo; Haga, Minoru; Kuzina, Kristina; Püssa, Tõnu; Raal, A; Tsoupras, Georges

doi:10.3176/chem.2003.3.01

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The stilbene content in a plant can differ between parts of the plant, stages of growth and season as well. The rhaponticin content found in R. rhaponticum L. roots seems to increase from April to October [24,25]. Grape skins have the most stilbenes at maturity due to the increase in the enzymes stilbene synthase, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase [26].…”

Section: Diversity Of Stilbenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stilbenes, a Versatile Class of Natural Metabolites for Inflammation—An Overview

et al. 2023

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Stilbenes are polyphenolic allelochemicals synthesized by plants, especially grapes, peanuts, rhubarb, berries, etc., to defend themselves under stressful conditions. They are now exploited in medicine for their antioxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammation is the immune system’s response to invading bacteria, toxic chemicals or even nutrient-deprived conditions. It is characterized by the release of cytokines which can wreak havoc on healthy tissues, worsening the disease condition. Stilbenes modulate NF-κB, MAPK and JAK/STAT pathways, and reduce the transcription of inflammatory factors which result in maintenance of homeostatic conditions. Resveratrol, the most studied stilbene, lowers the Michaelis constant of SIRT1, and occupies the substrate binding pocket. Gigantol interferes with the complement system. Besides these, oxyresveratrol, pterostilbene, polydatin, viniferins, etc., are front runners as drug candidates due to their diverse effects from different functional groups that affect bioavailability and molecular interactions. However, they each have different thresholds for toxicity to various cells of the human body, and thus a careful review of their properties must be conducted. In animal models of autoinflammatory diseases, the mode of application of stilbenes is important to their absorption and curative effects, as seen with topical and microemulsion gel methods. This review covers the diversity seen among stilbenes in the plant kingdom and their mechanism of action on the different inflammatory pathways. In detail, macrophages’ contribution to inflamed conditions in the liver, the cardiac, connective and neural tissues, in the nephrons, intestine, lungs and in myriad other body cells is explored, along with detailed explanation on how stilbenes alleviate the symptoms specific to body site. A section on the bioavailability of stilbenes is included for understanding the limitations of the natural compounds as directly used drugs due to their rapid metabolism. Current delivery mechanisms include sulphonamides, or using specially designed synthetic drugs. It is hoped that further research may be fueled by this comprehensive work that makes a compelling argument for the exploitation of these compounds in medicine.

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Section: Diversity Of Stilbenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stilbenes, a Versatile Class of Natural Metabolites for Inflammation—An Overview

et al. 2023

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Polyphenolic composition of roots and petioles of Rheum rhaponticum L.

Püssa

Raudsepp

Kuzina

et al. 2008

Phytochemical Analysis

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trans‐resveratrol alone and hydroxystilbenes of rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.) root reduce liver damage induced by chronic ethanol administration: a comparative study in mice

Raal

Pokk

Arend

et al. 2008

Phytotherapy Research

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The hepatoprotective effects and pharmacokinetics of trans-resveratrol and hydroxystilbenes of the garden rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L., R. rhaponticum) root ethanol extract were studied. Ethanol was administered to male BALB/c mice for 35 days in an inhalation chamber. During this time vehicle, trans-resveratrol (20 mg/kg per day) or R. rhaponticum extract was intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered and mice were sacrificed for the collection of liver and blood. In an additional experiment, the level of parent compounds and metabolites was estimated in the blood after acute i.p. administration of trans-resveratrol or R. rhaponticum extract. The levels of hydroxystilbenes, their metabolites and fatty acid oxy-metabolites (oxylipins) were studied by LC-tandem DAD-MS/MS. Ethanol induced hepatotoxicity, as evidenced by histological changes and accumulation of oxylipins in the blood. Both trans-resveratrol and R. rhaponticum extract reduced the extent of these changes. The pharmacokinetics of trans-resveratrol was characterized by a rapid removal from the blood and metabolism to sulfates and glucuronides. After the administration of R. rhaponticum extract, in addition to trans-resveratrol glucoside and its metabolites, several other hydroxystilbenes were found. Inhibition of oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids is proposed as a basis of the hepatoprotective effect of both trans-resveratrol and R. rhaponticum extract.

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Hydroxystilbenes in the roots of Rheum rhaponticum

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Stilbenes, a Versatile Class of Natural Metabolites for Inflammation—An Overview

Stilbenes, a Versatile Class of Natural Metabolites for Inflammation—An Overview

Polyphenolic composition of roots and petioles of Rheum rhaponticum L.

trans‐resveratrol alone and hydroxystilbenes of rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.) root reduce liver damage induced by chronic ethanol administration: a comparative study in mice

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