Hydroponics: current and future state of the art in farming

Khan, Saad Qasim; Purohit, Ankit; Vadsaria, Nikita

doi:10.1080/01904167.2020.1860217

Cited by 70 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This is due to the high prices and investments required to develop hydroponic vegetables. This is in line with the findings of Sengkey et al (2017), who claim that many people still produce crops in soil medium because farming with hydroponics is very expensive and takes training to get adequate expertise to be effective in employing hydroponic techniques (Khan, Purohit, and Vadsaria 2021;Suryani et al 2020). Logically, higher quality and consistent vegetable products are sold at a higher price, allowing increased production expenses to be paid by a higher selling price.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Hydroponics is the growing of plants in which water is used as the planting medium instead of soil to provide the nutritional needs of the plants (Khan, Purohit, and Vadsaria 2021;Maucieri et al 2019). Aside from hydroponics, there is an appropriate method for growing plants to fulfill the community's supplies of vitamins and minerals while taking advantage of a little yard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydroponic Vegetable Marketing Strategy in Palu City Indonesia

et al. 2022

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Hydroponics is plant cultivation that utilizes water media without using soil. The hydroponic vegetable products produced are diverse, ranging from kale, bok choy, mustard greens, and lettuce. This study aimed to identify internal and external factors that influence marketing and identify marketing strategies for hydroponic vegetables in Palu City. The results showed that the evaluation of the internal and external factors showed that the strength factor had a score of 1.85, the weakness factor was 1.26, the opportunity factor was 1.74, and the threat factor was 1.16. Thus, the highest score was achieved by internal factors (strength) of 1.85, and the lowest was the weakness of 1.16. Hydroponic vegetable marketing in Palu City is in the SO Strategy. In this condition, it has great power and great opportunities to market.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroponic Vegetable Marketing Strategy in Palu City Indonesia

et al. 2022

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“…The electrical conductivity of the hemp fiber composite fabricated with a 3:10 weight ratio of bifunctional linkers to hemp fibers was measured to be 0.42 mS•cm −1 , which lies in the desirable range for general purpose growth media (<than 2.0 mS•cm −1 ). 40,41 Our plant growth study with the hemp fiber composites fabricated with a 3:10 weight ratio of bifunctional linkers to hemp fibers demonstrated their suitability as promising hydroponic growth media. In the study, seeds of Daikon radish and green peas were individually planted in the holes of hemp fiber composite plugs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Green Chemical Approach to Fabricate Hemp Fiber Composites for Making Sustainable Hydroponic Growth Media

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Helle

Madireddy

et al. 2021

ACS Agric. Sci. Technol.

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We report a water-based approach for making chemically reactive forms of hemp fibers and employing these materials to fabricate biocomposites for hydroponic applications. Our chemical strategy focused on coupling the lignin of hemp fibers and a bifunctional linker molecule (2-[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]ethyl hydrogen sulfate) that contains an aromatic amine and a protected vinyl sulfone. The synthetic process started with converting the amine of this linker to an electrophilic diazonium ion, which then reacted with the electron-rich aromatic rings of the lignin within the hemp fibers to form the chemically reactive lignin. The other functional group of the linker was activated under basic conditions to yield the intermediate vinyl sulfone, which reacted with poly(vinyl alcohol) via the Michael addition to yield the cross-linked hemp fiber composites in a 1 in. diameter quartz tube mold. The overall fabrication process was ecofriendly because only water was used as the solvent, and harmless inorganic salts were the only major byproducts. These hemp composites were durable and did not easily crumble under compressive mechanical tests. Fabrication experiments were performed with different weight ratios of bifunctional linkers to hemp fibers to evaluate the effect of this factor on the mechanical strength of resulting hemp composites. The compressive strength of these dry hemp composites was measured to increase from 0.91 to 1.81 MPa when this weight ratio was raised from 3: 40 to 3: 5. The hemp fiber composites fabricated using an intermediate weight ratio (3: 10) of the bifunctional linkers to hemp fibers were evaluated as a hydroponic growth medium. Properties of the hemp fiber composites, such as water holding capacity, carbon/nitrogen ratio, salinity, and acidity, were also evaluated to determine their suitability as plant growth media for hydroponic applications. The hemp fiber composites were demonstrated to be effective hydroponic growth media for Daikon radish and green peas in a 14-day growth period.

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“…As concerns the cultivation techniques, microgreens offer wide opportunities in choosing the scale of production, ranging from household level (micro-scale) where microgreens can be grown by individuals for domestic consumption to more commercialized agriculture (large scale) adopting hydroponic growing systems using different soilless growing media [10,11]. Microgreens are very suited for indoor production using artificial lighting and with the development of the urban farming production facilities and the rise of vertical farming systems, there is an increasing interest among commercial growers to produce microgreens using soilless media in hydroponic systems [12][13][14][15][16][17]. In particular, the use of vertical farming operations by the introduction of multilayer production that allows the crop to grown in vertical racks (shelving units) under sole-source (SS) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as artificial lighting system, is becoming nowadays a promising technological advancement to obtain high density growth and manipulate morphological traits and phytochemical composition of crops [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inclusion of Green Light in a Red and Blue Light Background Impact the Growth and Functional Quality of Vegetable and Flower Microgreen Species

et al. 2022

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Microgreens are edible seedlings of vegetables and flowers species which are currently considered among the five most profitable crops globally. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have shown great potential for plant growth, development, and synthesis of health-promoting phytochemicals with a more flexible and feasible spectral manipulation for microgreen production in indoor farms. However, research on LED lighting spectral manipulation specific to microgreen production, has shown high variability in how these edible seedlings behave regarding their light environmental conditions. Hence, developing species-specific LED light recipes for enhancement of growth and valuable functional compounds is fundamental to improve their production system. In this study, various irradiance levels and wavelengths of light spectrum produced by LEDs were investigated for their effect on growth, yield, and nutritional quality in four vegetables (chicory, green mizuna, china rose radish, and alfalfa) and two flowers (french marigold and celosia) of microgreens species. Microgreens were grown in a controlled environment using sole-source light with different photosynthetic photon flux density (110, 220, 340 µmol m−2 s−1) and two different spectra (RB: 65% red, 35% blue; RGB: 47% red, 19% green, 34% blue). At harvest, the lowest level of photosynthetically active photon flux (110 µmol m−2 s−1) reduced growth and decreased the phenolic contents in almost all species. The inclusion of green wavelengths under the highest intensity showed positive effects on phenolic accumulation. Total carotenoid content and antioxidant capacity were in general enhanced by the middle intensity, regardless of spectral combination. Thus, this study indicates that the inclusion of green light at an irradiance level of 340 µmol m−2 s−1 in the RB light environment promotes the growth (dry weight biomass) and the accumulation of bioactive phytochemicals in the majority of the microgreen species tested.

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Hydroponics: current and future state of the art in farming

Cited by 70 publications

References 60 publications

Hydroponic Vegetable Marketing Strategy in Palu City Indonesia

Hydroponic Vegetable Marketing Strategy in Palu City Indonesia

Green Chemical Approach to Fabricate Hemp Fiber Composites for Making Sustainable Hydroponic Growth Media

The Inclusion of Green Light in a Red and Blue Light Background Impact the Growth and Functional Quality of Vegetable and Flower Microgreen Species

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