Hydroponic cultivation of Physalis angulata L.: growth and production under nitrogen doses1

Abstract

The Physalis angulata L. species has attracted interest due to the production of compounds with pharmacological activity and its potential for fruiticulture. Given that it is a fast-growing and highly productive species, determining the most adequate nitrogen (N) doses could contribute to higher crop yields. This study aimed at assessing the influence of N concentrations, in a hydroponic system, on the growth and production of P. angulata, as well as determining the critical N level in leaves. The experiment was conducted in individual pots with nutrient solutions, applying a completely randomized design and twelve replications, using five N doses (0 mg L-1, 56 mg L-1, 112 mg L-1, 168 mg L-1 and 224 mg L-1). Growth and production indices, amount of total N on leaves and stems and critical N levels were assessed. The increase of N doses in the nutrient solution influenced plant growth and fruit production, as well as the accumulation of total N in the leaves and stems. Based on the maximum economic yield, a dose of 162 mg L-1 of N is recommended for hydroponics, which provided a fruit yield of 7.27 g m-2 and critical total N level in leaves of 51.98 g kg-1.

RENDIMENTO DE MASSA SECA DE Physalis angulata L. SOB PROPORÇÕES DE NITRATO E AMÔNIO EM CULTIVO HIDROPÔNICO

“…Vinte dias após a germinação, as mudas foram selecionadas quanto à uniformidade da parte aérea e radicular e transplantadas para o sistema hidropônico tipo floating, em vasos individuais. Foi utilizada a solução de Sarruge (1975) modificada para o cultivo de P. angulata com o uso da dose de 162 mg.L -1 de nitrogênio (LEITE et al, 2017). O pH da solução nutritiva foi medido diariamente e ajustado em 6,5, quando necessário.…”

“…Estudos sobre o cultivo da espécie vêm sendo realizados no nordeste, alcançando resultados satisfatórios para seu cultivo nas condições dessa região. Leite et al (2017) avaliaram a eficiência no cultivo de P. angulata em sistema hidropônico, e definiu a dose ideal de nitrogênio (N) para melhor produção econômica da espécie. A adubação nitrogenada é uma das práticas agronômicas que mais interferem na produtividade das plantas (STEFEN et al, 2015), mas a correta escolha da sua fonte é um dos principais temas de estudos, pois as plantas podem responder de várias maneiras as diferentes formas de N, sendo absorvidas pelas raízes preferencialmente nas formas de nitrato (NO 3 -) ou amônio (NH 4 + ) (MARTINEZ-ANDÚJAR et al, 2013).…”

Spectrophotometric Determinations of Chloroplastidic Pigments in Physalis angulata L. Leaves Using Different Methodologies

“…The Physalis angulata leaf samples obtained from cultivated plants in a hydroponic system with Sarruge's (1975) nutrient solution modified for the Physalis growth (Leite, Tanan, Nascimento, Oliveira, & Abreu, 2017). Eight randomly selected plants used, from which the first pair of fully expanded leaves collected to measure chloroplastidic pigment contents.…”

Characterization of nitrate reductase activity (NR) in foliar and radicular tissues of Physalis angulata L.: diurnal variations and protocol optimization

“…The experiment was carried in hydroponic system containing Sarruge solution modified for Physalis cultivation (Leite et al, 2017), composed of the following macronutrients, in mg L -1 : N=162; P=31; K=234.6; Ca=200.4; Mg=48.6; S=64.1. The electrical conductivity (EC) was measured daily and the solution changed when the EC reduced by 30%.…”

“…Regarding its mineral nutrition, some studies were concluded with the species (Cruz et al, 2015;Tanan et al, 2013;Thomé and Osaki, 2010). Leite et al (2017) evaluated the nitrogen (N) influence, observing a strong correlation between an increase in dosage and a greater growth and fruit production. Nitrogen is the macronutrient mostly required by plants, with direct effects in the distribution of photoassimilates to the vegetative and reproductive parts, related to photosynthesis, growth of the radicular system, ionic absorption of nutrients and cellular development (Queiroga et al, 2007).…”