Hydrophobic alumina hollow fiber membranes for sucrose concentration by vacuum membrane distillation

Ceramic membranes applied to membrane distillation: A comprehensive review

“…Some authors reported that the sintering temperature influenced the wettability behavior after grafting of the prepared ceramic membranes . Lower sintering temperature increased contact angle but decreased LEP.…”

“…During a long‐term operation of VMD, a simple water washing process could recover permeate flux and rejection rate completely with a ceramic membrane . Hubadillah et al observed that feed pH influenced the permeate flux due to solute size, which varied according to pH and resulted in membrane fouling .…”

“…Many authors reported that feed temperature showed a remarkable influence on the permeate flux with ceramic membranes applied to MD, regardless of configuration and feed solution. This propensity is explained by the Antoine equation, which predicts an exponential relationship between the vapor pressure difference and temperature due to the higher latent heat of water evaporation and higher heat transfer coefficient, without affecting the permeate quality.…”

“…Hubadillah et al and Kujawa et al proved that ceramic‐based MD can be applied to high concentrated solutions without affecting its performance because of lower fouling effect . On the other hand, many authors observed that when increasing the solute concentration at the feed side results in a decrease in permeate flux . This phenomenon is explained by Raoult's law, which states that higher solute concentrations lead to decrease in water vapor pressure.…”

“…Moreover, the decline of the permeate flux may be the result of the driving force decrease in MD due to concentration polarization caused by the increasing concentration of solute in the feed solution. However, even at higher solute concentration, a high permeate flux is still obtained . On the other hand, Garofalo et al obtained a reduction of solute rejection when increasing solute concentration …”