Hydrolysis and oxidation of acetamide in supercritical water

Reactions at supercritical conditions: Applications and fundamentals

“…Kodra and Balakatoiah (1992) recently modeled this type of deep-well reactor. Air or 0, are the most common oxidants used in SCWO, but H,O,, KMnO,, Cu-H202, Fe-H,O,, and MnS0,-H,O, mixtures have also been explored as potential oxidants (Lee and Gloyna, 1992;Lee et al, 1990;Shanableh and Gloyna, 1991;Chang et al, 1993). Although these alternative oxidants are more costly than 0, or air, they may facilitate oxidation at lower temperatures, which could offset these higher costs.…”

“…Global kinetics. There have been several kinetics studies of the SCWO of individual compounds Tester, 1987, 1988;Tester, 1989, 1991;Yang and Eckert, 1988;Rofer andStreit, 1988, 1989;Thornton and Savage, 1990;Lee et a]., 1990;Webley et al, 1990Webley et al, , 1991Jin et al, 1990Jin et al, , 1992Holgate and Tester, 1993;Holgate et al, 1992;Tester et al, 1992;Thornton and Savage, 1992b;Lee and Gloyna, 1992;Li et al, , 1993Crain et al, 1993;Chang et al, 1993;Savage et al, 1994a;Holgate and Tester, 1994a,b). Most of these have focused on the kinetics of the disappearance of the organic compound, but some have also considered the kinetics of the conversion of organic carbon to CO, .…”

Hydrolysis Kinetics of 2-Pyridinecarboxamide, 3-Pyridinecarboxamide and 4-Pyridinecarboxamide in High-Temperature Water

“…There is a considerable amount of literature on the hydrolysis of amide in HTW, but concentrating on aliphatic and aromatic amides [8,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The hydrolysis of heterocyclic amides in HTW is rarely reported.…”

Rapid quantification of major reaction products formed during thermochemical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass using GC–MS

“…Recent methods that have been developed to get around these issues use specialized sample collection techniques designed for head space sampling [12][13][14][15][16][17], have long run times [12,[14][15][16][17][18], require extensive sample preparation [18,19], or focus on the quantification of a single compound. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and liquid chromatography-ultraviolet spectroscopy (LC-UV) based methods have also been developed in recent times [20,21], however, most of these methods also require extensive sample preparation and long run times, and are unable to reliably quantify important reaction products such as acetic acid and acetamide.…”