Hydrated lime as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification of castor oil and methanol

Sánchez‐Cantú, Manuel; Pérez-Díaz, Lydia M.; Pala-Rosas, Israel; Cadena-Torres, Eloína; Juárez-Amador, Lucía; Rosas, E. Rubio; Rodríguez-Acosta, Maricela; Valente, Jaime S.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2012.07.075

Cited by 37 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Sánchez-Cantú et al [67] evaluated CaO as solid base catalysts in the transesterification of castor oil and methanol. After the first use a 100% conversion was detected.…”

Section: Calcium and Magnesium Single Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation Processes, Regeneration Conditions and Reusability Performance of CaO or MgO Based Catalysts Used for Biodiesel Production—A Review

Oueda¹,

Bonzi-Coulibaly²,

Ouédraogo³

2017

MSA

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The activity of a catalyst in transestrification reaction usually declines with repeated uses and this limits the possibility to use it many times. This paper presents a review of various techniques used to evaluate the activity changes, the recycling processes for calcium and magnesium oxides based heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production. The activity of calcium and magnesium oxides based catalysts declines due to leaching, surface or active sites poisoning by reactant or product molecules and modification of physical aspects. Physico-chemical methods (AAS, BET, CO 2 -TPD, EDS, FTIR, ICP-AES, SEM, TG/DTA and XRD) were used to check the catalyst modification and to confirm the deactivation. When separated from the reaction mixture by filtration, the catalyst could be reused without any treatment or recycled by washing, drying or/and recalcination. Between various recycling processes for calcium and magnesium oxides based catalysts, mixed oxides showed less leaching and performed FAME or FAEE yield >90% with reusability.

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“…Sánchez-Cantú et al [67] evaluated CaO as solid base catalysts in the transesterification of castor oil and methanol. After the first use a 100% conversion was detected.…”

Section: Calcium and Magnesium Single Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation Processes, Regeneration Conditions and Reusability Performance of CaO or MgO Based Catalysts Used for Biodiesel Production—A Review

Oueda¹,

Bonzi-Coulibaly²,

Ouédraogo³

2017

MSA

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“…Since glycerol is a triatomic alcohol, LM700-H would react with glycerol during the transesterification resulting in calcium diglyceroxide, but it is not much enough to be detected by XRD. Sánchez-Cantú et al [27] employed calcium hydroxide as the heterogeneous catalyst for transesterification of castor oil with methanol. It pointed out that in the first use, the amount of glycerol and the transesterification conditions were not enough to produce calcium diglyceroxide crystallization to be detected by XRD.…”

Section: The Proposed Mechanism For Transesterification Catalyzed By mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This result could illustrate the reason for calcium diglyceroxide cannot be observed in XRD patterns in this study. Nonetheless, calcium diglyceroxide could make a stimulative contribution to catalyzing transesterification [25,27].…”

Section: The Proposed Mechanism For Transesterification Catalyzed By mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The stability evaluation of lime mud as transesterification catalyst in resisting CO2 and H2O for biodiesel production

Niu

et al. 2015

Energy Conversion and Management

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“…23 Lixiviation of the active phase was 24 corroborated by X-ray powder 25 diffraction analysis of the recovered 26 solids after reaction. 27 Ca-DG crystalline phase is highly 28 soluble in either water, biodiesel, 29 methanol or castor oil. In this work, calcium diglyceroxide (Ca-DG), was produced by reacting hydrated lime with glycerin vary- 50 ing reaction times and temperatures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct synthesis of calcium diglyceroxide from hydrated lime and glycerol and its evaluation in the transesterification reaction

Sánchez‐Cantú

Reyes-Cruz

Rosas

et al. 2014

Fuel

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Hydrated lime as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification of castor oil and methanol

Cited by 37 publications

References 42 publications

Deactivation Processes, Regeneration Conditions and Reusability Performance of CaO or MgO Based Catalysts Used for Biodiesel Production—A Review

Deactivation Processes, Regeneration Conditions and Reusability Performance of CaO or MgO Based Catalysts Used for Biodiesel Production—A Review

The stability evaluation of lime mud as transesterification catalyst in resisting CO2 and H2O for biodiesel production

Direct synthesis of calcium diglyceroxide from hydrated lime and glycerol and its evaluation in the transesterification reaction

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