Hyaluronic acid carrier-based photodynamic therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Organic disulfide-modified folate carbon dots for tumor-targeted synergistic chemodynamic/photodynamic therapy

“…Thus, PPa provided the composites with the ability to perform PDT in the near-infrared (NIR) light region. 15,16 Organic disulfides, such as 3,3′-dithiodipropionic acid (DTPA), [17][18][19][20][21] can deplete GSH in tumors through intracellular redox reactions via disulfide bonds, thereby amplifying intracellular oxidative stress and enhancing the therapeutic effect of PDT. [22][23][24][25] Carbon dots (CDs) are novel 2D carbon-based nanomaterials with sizes less than 10 nm (ref.…”

A novel active mitochondrion-selective fluorescent probe for the NIR fluorescence imaging and targeted photodynamic therapy of gastric cancer

“…63 In recent years, different ligands have been used to construct PDT-based diagnostic and treatment systems with active targeting moieties, including peptides (RGD 64 and epidermal growth factor 65 ), proteins (vascular endothelial growth factor, 66 transferrin 67 and antibodies 68 ), aptamers, 69,70 vitamins (biotin 71 and folic acid 72,73 ) and carbohydrates. 74 However, in most of the recent PDT systems, the PS and the targeted ligand are combined by physical adsorption or encapsulation, which pose the risk of dissociation of PS from the targeted ligand in plasma, thereby reducing the targeting capacity of the PDT system and resulting in weakened therapeutic effect, as well as increased toxicity to normal tissues.…”