Human Saliva Proteome and Transcriptome

Abstract

This paper tests the hypothesis that salivary proteins and their counterpart mRNAs co-exist in human whole saliva. Global profiling of human saliva proteomes and transcriptomes by mass spectrometry (MS) and expression microarray technologies, respectively, revealed many similarities between saliva proteins and mRNAs. Of the function-known proteins identified in saliva, from 61 to 70% were also found present as mRNA transcripts. For genes not detected at both protein and mRNA levels, we made further efforts to determine if the counterpart is present. Of 19 selected genes detected only at the protein level, the mRNAs of 13 (68%) genes were found in saliva by RT-PCR. In contrast, of many mRNAs detected only by microarrays, their protein products were found in saliva, as reported previously by other investigators. The saliva transcriptome may provide preliminary insights into the boundary of the saliva proteome.

Global Survey of Human T Leukemic Cells by Integrating Proteomics and Transcriptomics Profiling

“…Because we used multiple stringent criteria to filter and confirm our proteome dataset, the protein false positive rate was estimated to be closed to zero. This proteome/transcriptome coverage is much higher than previous proteomics and transcriptomics comparison studies in mammalian cells (8,34). It may be because previous studies either did not analyze the global expression of proteome or transcriptome comprehensively or compared proteomics and transcriptomics data generated from different biological systems (e.g.…”

The Potential for Proteomics in Understanding Neurodevelopmental Disorders

“…Nearly 40% of proteins believed to be candidate markers for diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and stroke can be found in whole saliva. Therefore, saliva presents a non-invasive, accessible bodily fluid for analysis [77].…”

Automated Mass Spectrometry–Based Functional Assay for the Routine Analysis of the Secretome

“…Conversely, analysis of proteins from blood or urine will reflect the health not only of an organ (e.g., the health of the liver by measuring the activity of the blood transaminases) but also of the whole organism. 22,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Although a particular secreted molecule (and/or protein) may reveal information about a particular organ, a combination of secreted molecules (and/or proteins) may reflect the physiological state of a particular cell type, or of an organ or of the whole organism. Here we primarily discuss secreted proteins, as analyzed by mass spectrometry.…”

“…There are many ways of characterizing secretomes, depending on the biological question that is asked and on the final goal that the researcher wants to achieve. 1,2,17,22,[31][32][33]41,60 Mostly, the main approach consists of conditioning cell cultures for 1 to 2 days that were stimulated or not, then collecting (and if necessary concentrating) the supernatant followed by fractionation and subsequent identification of secreted proteins by MS. 12,13 In another approach, body fluids are considered instead of conditioned medium. The first approach was applied by Stastna and Van Eyk 12,13 to identify secreted proteins that could be potential biomarker candidates in cardiovascular diseases.…”