Human papillomaviruses and cancer

Abstract

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are small oncogenic DNA viruses of which more than 200 types have been identified to date. A small subset of these is etiologically linked to the development of anogenital malignancies such as cervical cancer. In addition, recent studies established a causative relationship between these high-risk HPV types and tonsillar and oropharyngeal cancer. Clinical management of cervical cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) is largely standardized and involves surgical removal of the tumor tissue as well as adjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Notably, the response to therapeutic intervention of HPV-positive HNSCCs has been found to be better as compared to HPV-negative tumors. Although the existing HPV vaccine is solely licensed for the prevention of cervical cancer, it might also have prophylactic potential for the development of high-risk HPV-associated HNSCCs. Another group of viruses, which belongs to the beta-HPV subgroup, has been implicated in nonmelanoma skin cancer, however, the etiology remains to be established. Treatment of HPV-induced nonmelanoma skin cancer is based on local excision. However, topically applied immune-modulating substances represent non-surgical alternatives for the management of smaller cutaneous tumors. In this review we present the current knowledge of the role of HPV in cancer development and discuss clinical management options as well as targets for the development of future intervention therapies.

Paramètres de radiorésistance des cancers des voies aérodigestives supérieures et stratégies de radiosensibilisation

“…L'infection par les papillomavirus humains est également un facteur de risque de développement du cancer du col de l'utérus connu depuis longtemps [3]. Ang et al ont étudié l'impact pronostique de cette infection dans une étude sur des patients atteints de carcinomes épidermoïdes de l'oropharynx traités par irradiation [33].…”

“…Environ 40 % de ces cancers sont diagnostiqués à alors qu'ils sont localement évolués. L'incidence de ces cancers a légèrement diminué chez l'homme mais a augmenté chez la femme avec outre les facteurs de risque classiques que sont le tabac et l'alcool, l'apparition de nouveaux facteurs de risque tels que les papillomavirus humains (human papilloma virus [HPV]) [1][2][3]. La prise en charge de ces cancers est multidisciplinaire et connaître l'histoire naturelle est primordial pour proposer la meilleure prise en charge aux patients.…”

Inhibition of Langerhans Cell Maturation by Human Papillomavirus Type 16: A Novel Role for the Annexin A2 Heterotetramer in Immune Suppression

“…Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide with >500,000 new cases reported and >274,000 associated deaths each year (1, 2). Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is causally associated with several cancers, including cervical cancer (3–5).…”

The potential role of HPV vaccination in the prevention of infectious complications of pregnancy

“…Genital warts, which in 90% of cases are caused by HPV-6 and 11, can cause both physical and psychological morbidity for infected individuals [6]. In addition, HPV may informahealthcare.com 10 have a causative role in many cancers of the head and neck (mainly tonsilar) in which HPV-16 is the most prevalent serotype [7]. While the oncogenic potential of some serotypes of HPV is well recognized, the possible role of HPV in pregnancy remains uncertain and requires further investigation.…”