Human Milk Oligosaccharides Attenuate Antigen–Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines

Abstract

This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. The study also reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities. In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy.

Microbiota‐dependent and ‐independent effects of dietary fibre on human health

“…The anti-inflammatory effect of 6′SL was PPARγ dependent and associated with a decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NF-κB (Zehra et al, 2018).…”

“…This anti‐inflammatory effect is mediated via NF‐κB pathway suppression, as also observed in reduced gene expression and nuclear translocation of NF‐κB induced by α3‐sialyllactose and FOS (Zenhom et al, ; Zenhom, Hyder, de Vrese, et al, ). The anti‐inflammatory effect of 6′SL was PPARγ dependent and associated with a decreased activity of the transcription factors AP‐1 and NF‐κB (Zehra et al, ).…”

“…The inhibition of cytokine/chemokine expression and release by several types of dietary fibre, including HMOs (He, Liu, et al, 2016;Newburg et al, 2016;Zehra et al, 2018), GOS (Akbari et al, 2015), arabinoxylan hydrolysates (Mendis, Leclerc, & Simsek, 2016), arabinoxylans, mannose and galactomannans (Hermes, Manzanilla, Martin-Orue, Perez, & Klasing, 2011), was described in in vitro studies using different IECs exposed to inflammatory triggers. For example, HMOs and galactosyllactoses inhibit TNF-α, Salmonella-and Listeriainduced IL-8 and MIP-3α expression and release in T84, NCM-460 and H4 cells.…”

“…For example, HMOs and galactosyllactoses inhibit TNF-α, Salmonella-and Listeriainduced IL-8 and MIP-3α expression and release in T84, NCM-460 and H4 cells. The HMOs, 6′-sialyllactose (6′SL), can decrease IL-8 and MIP-3α release in T84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigenantibody complex (Zehra et al, 2018), whereas 2′FL is effective in inhibiting the LPS-dependent induction of IL-8 in T84 cells (He, Liu, et al, 2016). HMOs from colostrum are able to attenuate PAMPinduced inflammatory cytokine protein levels, including IL-8, IL-6, MCP-1/2, and IL-1β (He, Liu, Leone, & Newburg, 2014).…”

Quantifying the human milk oligosaccharides 2’‐fucosyllactose and 3‐fucosyllactose in different food applications by high‐performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detection

“…The nutritional benefits of HMOs include supporting the development of the infant gut microbiota as bifidogenic prebiotics (Garrido, Dallas, & Mills, ; Thomson, Medina, & Garrido, ), attenuating food‐related allergies (Zehra et al., ), and promoting brain development (Oliveros et al., ; Wang, ). Only approximately 1% of HMOs are absorbed into systemic circulation and later eliminated with the urine (Goehring, Kennedy, Prieto, & Buck, ; Rudloff, Pohlentz, Borsch, Lentze, & Kunz, ).…”