Human herpesvirus 6 in oral fluids from healthy individuals

Pereira, Cláudio Maranhão; Gasparetto, Patrícia Freire; Corrêa, Maria Elvira Pizzigatti; Costa, Fernando Ferreira; Almeida, Oslei Paes de; Barjas‐Castro, Maria Lourdes

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2004.06.002

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We did not observe correlations between coinfection and gender or ethnicity (data not shown). This high frequency of detection [19], [21], [40], [41] and range of viral copies/ml saliva [20] are both consistent with other published reports.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Coinfection of Human Herpesviruses 6A (HHV-6A) and HHV-6B as Demonstrated by Novel Digital Droplet PCR Assay

et al. 2014

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The human herpesviruses HHV-6A and HHV-6B have been associated with various neurologic disorders partly due to the detection of elevated viral DNA levels in patients compared to controls. However the reported frequency of these viruses varies widely, likely reflecting differences in PCR methodologies used for detection. Digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) is a third generation PCR technology that enables the absolute quantification of target DNA molecules. Mounting evidence of the biological differences between HHV-6A and HHV-6B has led to their recent reclassification as separate species. As it is now especially relevant to investigate each virus, our objectives were to first design a multiplex HHV-6A and HHV-6B ddPCR assay and then to investigate the incidence of HHV-6A and HHV-6B coinfection in samples from healthy donors and patients with MS, a disease in which HHV-6 is thought to play a role. In our assessment of healthy donors, we observed a heretofore-underappreciated high frequency of coinfection in PBMC and serum, and found that our assay precisely detects both HHV-6A and HHV-6B chromosomally integrated virus, which has important implications in clinical settings. Interestingly, upon comparing the saliva from MS patients and healthy donors, we detected a significantly elevated frequency of coinfection in MS saliva; increased detection of HHV-6A in MS patients is consistent with other studies suggesting that this viral species (thought to be more neurotropic than HHV-6B) is more prevalent among MS patients compared to healthy donors. As the biology and disease associations between these two viral species differ, identifying and quantifying both species of HHV-6 may provide clinically relevant information, as well as enhance our understanding of the roles of each in health and disease.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Coinfection of Human Herpesviruses 6A (HHV-6A) and HHV-6B as Demonstrated by Novel Digital Droplet PCR Assay

et al. 2014

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“…The HHV‐6 detection rate in saliva of patients in the present study was similar to that found in donors. This is not surprising since HHV‐6 replicates in the salivary glands and is detected commonly in the saliva of healthy subjects [Cone et al, ; Pereira et al, ]. The search for HHV‐6 DNA in saliva samples in the present study also revealed that co‐infection with this herpesvirus is possible, but does not seems to be a characteristic of Bell's palsy patients since HHV‐6 was also detected in healthy donors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Early collection of saliva specimens from Bell's palsy patients: Quantitative analysis of HHV-6, HSV-1, and VZV

et al. 2014

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Bell's palsy is the most common cause of facial paralysis. Although it has been associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, pregnancy, and preeclampsia, the etiology of Bell's palsy remains unknown. The reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus (HSV) or varicella-zoster virus (VZV) with subsequent inflammation and entrapment of the facial nerve in the narrow labyrinthine segment has been implicated as a cause of facial paralysis, but the active role of these viruses in Bell's palsy is still discussed. This study quantified HSV-1 DNA, VZV DNA, and HHV-6 DNA in 95 saliva samples collected from patients within 48 hr from the onset of paralysis. HSV-1, VZV, and HHV-6 were detected in 13%, 3%, and 61% of patients, respectively. The detection rate did not differ significantly between patients and a control group of healthy donors. Interestingly, however, the value of HHV-6 DNA copies was significantly higher than that detected in healthy donors. In addition, the mean value of HHV-6 DNA recorded in patients who had at least a one grade improvement of palsy at the first visit was significantly lower than that detected in patients who showed no change in facial palsy grade or an increase of at least one grade. These findings call into question the role of HSV-1 and VZV in the etiology of Bell's palsy, and suggest that HHV-6 may be involved in the development of the disease or that the underlying disease mechanism might predispose patients to HHV-6 reactivation.

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“…Pereira et al (2004) have already described similar results for HHV-6 prevalence using gingival crevicular fluid and parotid gland saliva (14%), suggesting that inhibitors present in saliva would interfere with DNA amplification, resulting in false-negatives. In fact, rates of DNA detection showed a wide variation among different studies and geographic regions (Zerr et al 2000, Ward 2005).…”

supporting

confidence: 54%

Detection of human herpesvirus 6 and 7 DNA in saliva from healthy adults from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Magalhães

Martins

Cossatis

et al. 2010

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Human herpesvirus 6 in oral fluids from healthy individuals

Cited by 26 publications

References 19 publications

Coinfection of Human Herpesviruses 6A (HHV-6A) and HHV-6B as Demonstrated by Novel Digital Droplet PCR Assay

Coinfection of Human Herpesviruses 6A (HHV-6A) and HHV-6B as Demonstrated by Novel Digital Droplet PCR Assay

Early collection of saliva specimens from Bell's palsy patients: Quantitative analysis of HHV-6, HSV-1, and VZV

Detection of human herpesvirus 6 and 7 DNA in saliva from healthy adults from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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