Hubungan Faktor Genetik Dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Remaja

Abstract

Essential hypertension is more commonly found in adolescent than in younger children and is strongly associated with genetic factor and obesity. Genes that play important role in hypertension mechanism are classified into genes that affect the natrium homeostasis in kidney, which include the I/D polymorphism ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) gene, and genes that affect steroid metabolism. Adolescents with hypertensive parents have higher risk of developing hypertension than those without familial history of hypertension. The aim of this research is to study the relationship between genetic factor (family history of hypertension) and blood pressure of adolescents. This was an analytic observational study with a cross sectional design. It was conducted in November- December 2014 at SMP Negeri 8 Malalayang. Samples were students with good nutritional status who are registered in that particular school and are given permission by their parents to participate in the study. There were 80 students who were involved in the study. Questionnaires were distributed to the students to know the existence of family history of hypertension especially in their parents and then the students’ blood pressure were measured. The data obtained is analyzed using Fisher’s Exact Test with SPSS program. The results showed that according to Fisher’s Exact Test, there was no significant relationship between genetic factor and blood pressure in adolescent. (p = 0.154 > 0.05). Conclusion: There was no relationship between genetic factor (hypertensive parents) and blood pressure in adolescent.Keywords: genetic factor, blood pressure, hypertension, adolescentAbstrak: Hipertensi esensial lebih sering ditemukan pada remaja dibandingkan dengan anak-anak dan dikaitkan erat dengan faktor genetik dan obesitas. Gen-gen yang berperan dalam mekanisme hipertensi dibagi menjadi gen yang mempengaruhi homeostasis natrium di ginjal, termasuk polimorfisme I/D gen ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) dan gen yang mempengaruhi metabolisme steroid. Remaja dengan orangtua hipertensif mempunyai resiko untuk mendapat hipertensi lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak dengan orangtuanya yang normotensif. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor genetik (riwayat hipertensi dalam keluarga) dengan tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan November – Desember 2014 di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 8 Malalayang. Sampel penelitian yaitu siswa yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi yaitu anak dengan status gizi baik yang tercatat di register sekolah serta mendapat izin dari orangtua untuk mengikuti penelitian. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 80 siswa. Kuesioner dibagikan untuk mengetahui riwayat hipertensi dalam keluarga terutama pada orang tua lalu tekanan darah anak diukur. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa menggunakan Fisher’s Exact Test dengan bantuan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan uji Fisher’s exact, tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor genetik (riwayat hipertensi dalam keluarga) dengan tekanan darah pada remaja (nilai p = 0,154 > 0.05). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara faktor genetik (orang tua yang hipertensi) dengan tekanan darah pada remajaKata kunci: faktor genetik, tekanan darah, hipertensi, remaja

The Effect of Provision Decoged Leaves of Moringa, Red Ginger, Turmeric, Red Meniran, Cinnamon, and Sambiloto Towards Reduction of Blood Pressure in The Region Long Kali District, Paser Regency

“…In a study by [28], about 30-60% of the variation in blood pressure in various individuals is due to the effects of genetic factors. Children who have a hereditary history of hypertension in both parents have a 40-60% risk of hypertension when they grow up [29]. Based on the explanation of the results of other studies related to the relationship of genetic history with the incidence of hypertension, the results of this study are by the theory that respondents or individuals who have a family of hypertension, chances of experiencing hypertension will also increase.…”

Behavior Problem Impact to Decreasing Kidney Function Among Migrant Workers

“…According to a study by Henulili et al in Kalangi, about the pattern of hereditary hypertension in families, hypertensive genes are dominant. 15 Uncontrolled hypertension over a long period of time causes elevated intraglomerular pressure that affects glomerular filtration. Histologic lesions of glomerulosclerosis include interlobular blood vessel myointimal hyperplasia; afferent arteriole, hyaline arteriosclerosis; and, most commonly, global glomerulosclerosis.…”

“…The diagnosis of kidney disease is often hampered by a lack of awareness among health workers, communities at risk, inadequate access to health, and often erratic laboratory testing. 15 Migrant workers are a risk group because of their ignorance of the consequences of their lifestyle.…”

Analisis Paparan Kadar Kadmium (CD) pada Rambut dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pekerja Las di Kelurahan Banaran, Kecamatan Grogol, Kabupaten Sukoharjo

“…Remaja dengan riwayat keluarga hipertensi memiliki risiko lebih tinggi terkena hipertensi dibandingkan remaja dari keluarga tanpa hipertensi. Anak-anak dengan riwayat genetik hipertensi pada kedua orang tuanya tumbuh dengan risiko 40-60%, dan jika hanya satu orang tua yang menderita hipertensi, anak memiliki peluang 50% untuk tidak mengalami hipertensi (Kalangi et al, 2015). Kopi dapat menyebabkan peningkatan tekanan darah karena mengandung kafein.…”