HPV type 16 in conjunctival and junctional papilloma, dysplasia, and squamous cell carcinoma.

Abstract

Aims-To clarify the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the development of papilloma, dysplasia, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell epithelioma arising from the eyelids, including the tunica conjunctiva palpebrum (conjunctiva), its junction to epidemis of eyelid skin (junction), and eyelid skin. Methods-Sixteen cases ofpapilloma, four of dysplasia, four of squamous cell carcinoma, and 12 of basal cell epithelioma were examined using formalin fixed and paraffin embedded samples. Detection of HPV-DNA was performed by PCR-RFLP and in situ hybridisation (ISH) methods. Results-HPV-16 was detected in 12/16 papillomas (75%), 2/4 dysplasias (50%), and 114 squamous cell carcinomas (25%) but in none of the basal cell epitheliomas. No other HPV subtypes were found. ISH assay showed positive signals in only two cases ofdysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. The mean age ofHPV-16 positive dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma cases (81.7 years) was significantly higher than that of HPV-16 positive papilloma cases (p<0.01).Conclusions-Based on the presence of HPV-16 in both benign and malignant lesions and the age distribution, it seems likely that HPV-16 alone may be incapable of causing development of conjunctival and junctional dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma, and that any correlation between the papilloma-squamous cell carcinoma sequence and HPV infection may be due to rare events.(J Clin Pathol 1995;48:1106-1 1 10)

Conjunctival papilloma

“…The aetiology of the conjunctival papilloma is not known, but it has been associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6,11 and 16 (McDonnell et al 1987;Saegusa et al 1995). HPV types 16 and 18 have in addition been found in normal conjunctival tissue (Karcioglu 1997).…”

“…The exophytic configuration may be sessile or pedunculated. Inverted papillomas of the conjunctiva are very rare (Streeten et al 1979).Dysplasia may be observed, but carcinoma rarely develops in a conjunctival papilloma (Zimmerman 1980).In a study of 1016 epibulbar lesions (Ash 1950) the conjunctival papilloma was found to be the second most frequent epithelial lesion and the conjunctival papilloma is an equally frequent lesion of the caruncle (Santos & Gó mez-Leal 1994).The aetiology of the conjunctival papilloma is not known, but it has been associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6,11 and 16 (McDonnell et al 1987;Saegusa et al 1995). HPV types 16 and 18 have in addition been found in normal conjunctival tissue (Karcioglu 1997).…”

The evaluation of human papillomavirus and p53 gene mutation in benign and malignant conjunctiva and eyelid lesions.

“…However the studies performed between 1986 and 2008 brought very various results of the association between the type of the lesion and the presence of HPV, as well as the differences of the using methods. Naghashfar et al [3] showed HPV in 1 out of 3 squamous cell papillomas, McDonell et al [1] all in 15 out of 23 papillomas, Mincione et al [4] al in 2 out of 4 papillomas, Saegusa et al [13] in 75% squamous cell papillomas. Nakamura et al [5] estimated 17 patients with neoplastic lesions of the conjunctiva.…”

Detection of human papillomavirus in pterygium and conjunctival papilloma by hybrid capture II and PCR assays

“…Recently, Sjö et al 9 reported that PCR gave positive results for HPV in 86 (81%) of 106 papilloma specimens studied. In addition, HPV was detected in all five papilloma cases studied by Saegusa et al, 19 and in 9 of 10 papilloma cases (90%) studied by Gallagher et al 3 The presence of HPV in papilloma has also been confirmed by Southern blotting and in situ hybridization. 20 Based on these reports and our data, it is likely that HPV is closely involved in the pathogenesis of conjunctival papillomas.…”