How to Monitor and Advise Vegans to Ensure Adequate Nutrient Intake

Fields, Heather; Ruddy, Barbara C.; Wallace, Mark R.; Shah, Amit; Millstine, Denise; Marks, Lisa

doi:10.7556/jaoa.2016.022

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Based on these findings, we could address non-heme iron intake together with menstruation's cyclic blood loss in female subjects as possible origins of anemia. It should be of notice that, although vegans iron intake was superior when compared with controls, the low bioavailability of non-heme iron contained in vegetable food could explain these suggestive findings on iron-deficiency anemia [21]. The abovementioned may also indicate that adult vegan females present higher risk of developing hematologic repercussions, and closer medical-nutritional counseling in this potentially vulnerable group may be addressed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nutritional Imbalances in a Mexican Vegan Community: A Comparative Pilot Study

Espinosa-Marrón¹,

O²,

Mf³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The vegan diet excludes animal-derived product consumption and health advantages had been reported when followed. However, heterogeneous eating habits, food availability, and sociocultural characteristics among regions could lead to different physiological results. The objective of this case-control cross-sectional pilot study was to analyze body composition, daily nutrients consumption, and basic serum biomarkers as a general overview of the health status of Mexican adults with a vegan diet for ≥3 years, randomly paired with omnivores. Body composition was assessed through bioelectric impedance analysis. Eating patterns were evaluated and daily nutrients intake was calculated. A complete blood count, glycated hemoglobin, cobalamin, and creatinine serum concentrations were analyzed. We hypothesized certain nutrient deficits and specific biomarker impairments originated from cultural particularities driving food selection in Mexicans following a plant-based diet. Body composition did not differ among groups. Lower protein, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, cobalamin, calciferol, fluoride, iodine, and selenium intake yet greater fiber, folic acid, vitamin E, copper, and molybdenum were observed in the plant-based group when compared with controls. Vegans presented lower cobalamin and creatinine serum concentrations. Hematologic abnormalities were prevalent in vegans. Insufficient consumption of several nutriments was identified in both dietary groups, suggesting that the local diet may be unbalanced, affecting both vegans and non-vegan individuals. However, vegans might present additional deficiencies, especially vitamin B12, with potential repercussions. Clinical and nutritional guidance is required in this particular population to avoid possible health adverse events.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nutritional Imbalances in a Mexican Vegan Community: A Comparative Pilot Study

Espinosa-Marrón¹,

O²,

Mf³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…The wide range of antioxidants in a plant-based diet prevents oxidative stress that plays an important role in carcinogenesis and development of endothelial dysfunction, and in the initial steps of pathogenesis in atherosclerosis (Chauveau et al, 2013). Unlike other types of vegetarianism, a vegan diet implies lower intake of saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, calcium, vitamin B12 and D, as well as a higher intake of dietary fibre (Fields et al, 2016).…”

Section: Health Benefi Ts Of Vegetarianismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Being a Vegetarian: Health Benefits and Hazards

et al. 2018

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A b s t r a c t: Although their anatomical features disclose the herbivorous nature of humans, an omnivorous diet can be considered an evolutionary advantage that has supported human survival. Over recent decades, vegetarianism has signifi cantly increased in developed countries due to the support of scientifi c research, emerging supermarkets and restaurants, and easy-to-access soy products and healthy foods. According to current knowledge, vegetarian diets are associated with signifi cantly lower prevalence of non-infectious chronic diseases. However, while the overall risk of cancer is slightly lower in vegetarians, the fi ndings regarding the location and type of cancer that can be prevented by vegetarian diets are inconclusive. In addition to this, it remains unclear whether health benefi ts of vegetarian diets can be attributed to the avoidance of meat, or to the increased intake of dietary fi bre, n-6 fatty acids, vitamins C, B9 and E, potassium, magnesium and phyto-chemicals, or to both of these factors. As a vegetarian diet becomes more restrictive, intake of adequate daily energy and of n-3 fatty acids, essential amino acids, vitamin B12, zinc, calcium and iron becomes more diffi cult to achieve, which is particularly challenging in children who have higher nutrient requirements relative to body weight than adults.

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“…Moreover, a balanced vegetarian diet is associated with a higher intake of complex carbohydrates, fiber, fruits, vegetables, antioxidants, phytochemicals, and a lower intake of saturated fat and cholesterol, when compared with the omnivorous diet (Ada 2003;Rauma & Mykkanen 2000;Huang et al 1999). Conversely, the general population still believes that a diet devoid of animal products may be associated with poor performance due to the lack of certain nutrients, such as protein, creatine, vitamin B12, and vitamin D (Fields et al 2016;Solis et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How the vegetarian diet influences recreational and professional athletes’ physical performance: A systematic review

Araújo

Palma

Cocate

2021

RSD

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Vegetarianism has been getting increasing attention over the years, in society in general and in sport in particular. However, the growth in the number of people following a meatless diet notwithstanding, vegetarianism should be practiced with caution, especially by professional and recreational athletes, considering the possible lack of certain nutrients and decline in their physical performance. Therefore, the present review aimed to determine whether following a vegetarian diet influences recreational and professional athletes’ physical and sports performance. A search of the databases Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Lilacs gave 343 relevant articles; however, only 15 of these focused on the vegetarian diet and physical performance, in accordance with the inclusion criteria. These studies compared the vegetarian diet with the omnivorous diet, and found that it did not negatively influence physical performance. Moreover, those who followed a vegetarian diet seemed to have a higher volume of maximum oxygen (V̇O2 max), which positively influenced their performance. In conclusion, following a plant-based diet does not seem to harm recreational and professional athletes.

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How to Monitor and Advise Vegans to Ensure Adequate Nutrient Intake

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Nutritional Imbalances in a Mexican Vegan Community: A Comparative Pilot Study

Nutritional Imbalances in a Mexican Vegan Community: A Comparative Pilot Study

Being a Vegetarian: Health Benefits and Hazards

How the vegetarian diet influences recreational and professional athletes’ physical performance: A systematic review

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