How efficient is the Asian honey bee, <i>Apis cerana</i> in pollinating mustard, <i>Brassica campestris</i> var. toria? Pollination behavior, pollinator efficiency, pollinator requirements and impact of pollination

Stanley, J.; Sah, Khushboo; Subbanna, A. R. N. S.

doi:10.1080/00218839.2017.1329796

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Time spent in floral visits by bumble bees can be divided into handling time and extraction time (Inouye 1980). Several floral traits can influence the handling time of flowers by bumble bees, including corolla depth (Inouye 1980), nectar concentration (Klumpers et al 2019), or whether the floral visitor is collecting pollen versus nectar (Stanley et al 2017). Extraction time is dependent on the volume of nectar in a flower (Hodges and Wolf 1981) and its viscosity, which is related to the concentration of sugars in nectar (Harder 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral Traits Predict Frequency of Defecation on Flowers by Foraging Bumble Bees

Bodden

Hazlehurst

2019

Journal of Insect Science

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Flowers may become inoculated with pathogens that can infect bees and other critical pollinators, but the mechanisms of inoculation remain unclear. During foraging, bees may regurgitate or defecate directly onto flower parts, which could inoculate flowers with pollinator pathogens and lead to subsequent disease transmission to floral visitors. We tested if captive eastern bumble bees (Bombus impatiens) (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) defecate on floral surfaces during foraging and if flower shape played a role in the probability of defecation and the quantity of feces deposited on floral surfaces. Captive Bombus impatiens were fed a solution of fluorescent dye and sucrose, then allowed to forage freely on flowers of a variety of shapes in a flight cage. Flowers were then examined under ultraviolet light for fluorescing fecal matter. We found that bumble bees did defecate on floral surfaces during foraging and that composite flowers with a large area of disk flowers were the most likely to have feces on them. Our results point to defecation by bumble bees during foraging as a potential mechanism for inoculation of flowers with pollinator pathogens and suggest that flower shape could play a significant role in inoculation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral Traits Predict Frequency of Defecation on Flowers by Foraging Bumble Bees

Bodden

Hazlehurst

2019

Journal of Insect Science

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“…The interaction between bees and plants provided success in cross-pollination, which is a crucial evolutionary adaptation of plants (Couto e Couto, 2002;Stanley et al, 2017;Tong e Huang, 2017). Among the pollinating insects, Apis mellifera is one of the most important and perform most of the insect pollination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Honeybees diet includes pollen and nectar of various Angiosperms groups since it is a high generalist species. Furthermore, colonies of honeybees are numerous, reaching more than 100,000 individuals (Stein et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apis mellifera africanized queens tolerant to the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam

et al. 2021

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Interaction between bees and plants ensured success in cross-pollination crops, increasing the vigor of the species, as the production of fruits and seeds. Bees are the main pollinators of angiosperms and several crops. Among the factors related to the disappearance of bees in agricultural areas is the excessive or improper use of insecticides. However, agriculture is extremely dependent on pesticides for pest control and the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam is one of the most used insecticides. The use of these chemicals affects the pollinating bee Apis mellifera. Thus, the aim of the study was to select Africanized A. mellifera queens tolerant to thiamethoxam, producing four generations of bees kept in chronic contamination and perform tests to validate tolerance. Colonies of A. mellifera were subjected to chronic contamination by contact with thiamethoxam at a sublethal concentration of 1.65 mg a.i./L. From the surviving colonies, four generations of new queens were produced, kept in chronic contamination with thiamethoxam. Chronic contamination caused changes in the workers' behavior for 25 days. Validation of selection and tolerance was performed in vitro bioassays to verify mortality and critical electrolyte concentration (CEC). In vitro bioassays showed that there was low mortality after contamination for 24 hours by contact with thiamethoxam at 82.5 mg a.i / L. The analyzes of CEC indicate that there was an increase in gene expression in brain cells, probably as an attempt to detoxify the workers' organism by contamination with thiamethoxam. New tests need to be carried out with colonies tolerant to the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam, but these initial results indicate that these queens have potential to tolerate this neonicotinoid.

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“…However, mass flowering crops may, at least temporarily, provide abundant food resources for flower-visiting insects (Diek€ otter, Peter, Jauker, Wolters & Jauker, 2014). For example, mustard fields (e.g., Brassica campestris, Brassica juncea, Brassica napus) are mass flowering crops that are quite attractive for a large diversity of generalist insects (Bajiya & Abrol, 2017;Devi et al, 2017;Mandal, Amin, Rahman & Akanda, 2018;Mishra, Kumar & Gupta, 1988;Pudasaini, Thapa, Chaudhary & Tiwari, 2015;Stanley, Sah & Subbanna, 2017). As with most Brassica spp., the morphology of mustard flowers (open) makes it easy for multiple insects like flies (Diptera), butterflies (Lepidoptera), wasps and bees (Hymenoptera) to feed from them (Bajiya & Abrol, 2017;Devi et al, 2017;Mandal et al, 2018;Mishra et al, 1988;Pudasaini et al, 2015;Stanley et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, even though mass flowering crops, such as mustard, may be pollinated by all of the insect groups mentioned above, they are particularly favoured by social bees, such as Apis mellifera, A. cerana, A. dorsata and A. florea, as they are dominant in such ecosystems once they nest or are managed near such crops (Bajiya & Abrol, 2017;Devi et al, 2017;Mandal et al, 2018;Mishra et al, 1988;Pudasaini et al, 2015;Stanley et al, 2017). The solitary bees and, to a lesser extent, flies and butterflies, have a similar role as Apis-bees (Bajiya & Abrol, 2017;Devi et al, 2017;Mandal et al, 2018;Mishra et al, 1988;Pudasaini et al, 2015;Stanley et al, 2017). However, Apisbees may forage over wider distances (revised by Abou-Shaara, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mustard plants distant from forest fragments receive a lower diversity of flower-visiting insects

Devkota

Santos

Blochtein

2020

Basic and Applied Ecology

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How efficient is the Asian honey bee, Apis cerana in pollinating mustard, Brassica campestris var. toria? Pollination behavior, pollinator efficiency, pollinator requirements and impact of pollination

Cited by 12 publications

References 66 publications

Floral Traits Predict Frequency of Defecation on Flowers by Foraging Bumble Bees

Floral Traits Predict Frequency of Defecation on Flowers by Foraging Bumble Bees

Apis mellifera africanized queens tolerant to the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam

Mustard plants distant from forest fragments receive a lower diversity of flower-visiting insects

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