How can Indian power plants cost-effectively meet the new sulfur emission standards? Policy evaluation using marginal abatement cost-curves

Sugathan, Anish; Bhangale, Ritesh; Kansal, Vishal; Hulke, Unmil

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2018.06.008

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…(1) is fit to these background HCHO values and used to subtract the background contribution, as in Marais et al (2012), from the city-average monthly means. OMI HCHO columns from oxidation of reactive NMVOCs in Delhi and Kanpur are almost twice those in London and Birmingham due to a combination of unregulated sources (Venkataraman et al, 2018) and high temper- atures enhancing emissions of isoprene, a dominant HCHO precursor in India (Surl et al, 2018;Chalilyakunnel et al, 2019). The trends suggest reactive NMVOCs emissions have decreased in Birmingham (1.6 % a −1 ) and increased in London (0.5 % a −1 ), Delhi (1.9 % a −1 ), and Kanpur (1.0 % a −1 ).…”

Section: Assessment Of Modis Aodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term trends in air quality in major cities in the UK and India: a view from space

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Air quality networks in cities can be costly and inconsistent and typically monitor a few pollutants. Space-based instruments provide global coverage spanning more than a decade to determine trends in air quality, augmenting surface networks. Here we target cities in the UK (London and Birmingham) and India (Delhi and Kanpur) and use observations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), ammonia (NH3) from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), formaldehyde (HCHO) from OMI as a proxy for non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), and aerosol optical depth (AOD) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for PM2.5. We assess the skill of these products at reproducing monthly variability in surface concentrations of air pollutants where available. We find temporal consistency between column and surface NO2 in cities in the UK and India (R = 0.5–0.7) and NH3 at two of three rural sites in the UK (R = 0.5–0.7) but not between AOD and surface PM2.5 (R < 0.4). MODIS AOD is consistent with AERONET at sites in the UK and India (R ≥ 0.8) and reproduces a significant decline in surface PM2.5 in London (2.7 % a−1) and Birmingham (3.7 % a−1) since 2009. We derive long-term trends in the four cities for 2005–2018 from OMI and MODIS and for 2008–2018 from IASI. Trends of all pollutants are positive in Delhi, suggesting no air quality improvements there, despite the roll-out of controls on industrial and transport sectors. Kanpur, identified by the WHO as the most polluted city in the world in 2018, experiences a significant and substantial (3.1 % a−1) increase in PM2.5. The decline of NO2, NH3, and PM2.5 in London and Birmingham is likely due in large part to emissions controls on vehicles. Trends are significant only for NO2 and PM2.5. Reactive NMVOCs decline in Birmingham, but the trend is not significant. There is a recent (2012–2018) steep (> 9 % a−1) increase in reactive NMVOCs in London. The cause for this rapid increase is uncertain but may reflect the increased contribution of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from household products, the food and beverage industry, and domestic wood burning, with implications for the formation of ozone in a VOC-limited city.

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Section: Assessment Of Modis Aodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term trends in air quality in major cities in the UK and India: a view from space

et al. 2021

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“…ey used multi-input variables and multioutputs variables to measure the carbon dioxide emission efficiency and insisted that the evaluation of carbon emission efficiency was more comprehensive and reasonable only by integrating the carbon dioxide emissions into the whole economic system. Furthermore, scholars took carbon dioxide emissions as undesirable (bad) output in the production process and put forward the comprehensive evaluation index of carbon dioxide emissions [13,14].…”

Section: E Definition Of Carbon Dioxide Emission Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Variation in the Carbon Dioxide Emission Efficiency of Construction Industry in China: Based on the Three-Stage DEA Model

Wei-zhong

2021

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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China’s construction industry emits a huge amount of carbon dioxide with the extensive and rapid development, and the carbon dioxide emissions from construction sector have become a social problem. This article evaluates the carbon dioxide emission from China’s regional construction industry by the three-stage DEA method. The research results indicate that the environmental factors and random error seriously affect the carbon dioxide emission efficiency of construction industry. Eliminated the above factors, the mean of the carbon dioxide emission efficiency has the tendency of rising firstly and then decreasing, which increased from 0.67 in 2010 to 0.76 in 2014 and then decreased to 0.66 in 2019 in the third stage. On the whole, China’s regional construction industry has the low carbon dioxide emission efficiency. In the regions, the Eastern region has the highest technology efficiency value among the three regions, followed by the Middle region and the West region. Therefore, the key method to increase the carbon emission efficiency of construction industry is to improve the management efficiency and change the growth mode.

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“…Whatever the broader context of coal use in Indian economy (and India is selected for further analysis here because of its dominance as an emitter and from the effect on its agricultural sector), the marginal gains resulting from other SO 2 emissions mitigation measures can be assessed. The information presented above is put into context by Figure 6, (adapted from [32]) which shows the marginal cost of abatement for SO 2 from coal-fired power plants in India, China, Mexico, Germany and Poland. The coloured bands represent the estimated marginal costs on the agricultural and allied services (blue: 83-124 US$/tonne) and on the overall economy (red: 212-396 US$/tonne) based on the linear fits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 6. Marginal Cost Curve for SO 2 abatement from coal-fired power plants in India (solid black curve) and various other countries [32]. The coloured bands represent the estimated marginal cost estimates on the agricultural and allied services (blue: 83-124 US$/tonne) and on the overall economy (red: 212-396 US$/tonne) for the May-September season taken from the linear fits presented in Table 7.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marginal Benefit to South Asian Economies from SO2 Emissions Mitigation and Subsequent Increase in Monsoon Rainfall

Glensor

Harris

2019

Atmosphere

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Sulphate aerosols are dominated by SO2 emissions from coal-burning for the Indian electricity sector and they are thought to have a short term but significant, negative impact on South Asian Summer Monsoon rainfall. This reduction in precipitation in turn can lead to reduced economic outputs, primarily through smaller agricultural yields. By bringing together estimates of (a) the impact of sulphate aerosols on precipitation and (b) the observed relationship between monsoon rainfall and GDP, we present a methodology to estimate the possible financial cost of this effect on the Indian economy and on its agricultural sector. Our preliminary estimate is that the derived benefits could be large enough that around 50% of India’s SO2 emissions could be economically mitigated at no cost or net benefit, although it should be noted that the large uncertainties in the underlying relationships mean that the overall uncertainty is also large. Comparison of the 1952–1981 and 1982–2011 periods indicates that the Indian economy may now be more resilient to variability of the monsoon rainfall. As such, a case could be made for action to reduce SO2 emissions, particularly in the crucial monsoon period. This would have a significant, positive effect on a crucial and large sector in India’s economy and the effects would be visible almost instantly. The recent growth in renewable energy sources in India and the consequent, reduced increase in coal burning means that further financial costs have already been avoided. This impact should be further investigated so that it can be included in cost-benefit analyses of different fuel types in the region. The significant uncertainties associated with these calculations are discussed.

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How can Indian power plants cost-effectively meet the new sulfur emission standards? Policy evaluation using marginal abatement cost-curves

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Long-term trends in air quality in major cities in the UK and India: a view from space

Long-term trends in air quality in major cities in the UK and India: a view from space

Regional Variation in the Carbon Dioxide Emission Efficiency of Construction Industry in China: Based on the Three-Stage DEA Model

Marginal Benefit to South Asian Economies from SO2 Emissions Mitigation and Subsequent Increase in Monsoon Rainfall

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