Homogeneity and distinctiveness of Polish paternal lineages revealed by Y chromosome microsatellite haplotype analysis

Abstract

Different regional populations from Poland were studied in order to assess the genetic heterogeneity within Poland, investigate the genetic relationships with other European populations and provide a population-specific reference database for anthropological and forensic studies. Nine Y-chromosomal microsatellites were analysed in a total of 919 unrelated males from six regions of Poland and in 1,273 male individuals from nine other European populations. AMOVA revealed that all of the molecular variation in the Polish dataset is due to variation within populations, and no variation was detected among populations of different regions of Poland. However, in the non-Polish European dataset 9.3% ( P<0.0001) of the total variation was due to differences among populations. Consequently, differences in R(ST)-values between all possible pairs of Polish populations were not statistically significant, whereas significant differences were observed in nearly all comparisons of Polish and non-Polish European populations. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated tight clustering of Polish populations separated from non-Polish groups. Population clustering based on Y-STR haplotypes generally correlates well with the geography and history of the region. Thus, our data are consistent with the assumption of homogeneity of present-day paternal lineages within Poland and their distinctiveness from other parts of Europe, at least in respect to their Y-STR haplotypes. Electronic supplementary material to this paper can be obtained by using the Springer LINK server located at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00439-002-0728-0.

Y-STR variation among Slavs: evidence for the Slavic homeland in the middle Dnieper basin

“…A comparison of our Polish haplotypes defined by the selected nine loci with data for six Polish regional subpopulations from the Y chromosome haplotype reference database confirmed previously observed homogeneity of Polish subpopulations (F ST = -0.0003; P = 0.66) (Ploski et al 2002), and in AMOVA, all Polish samples were combined. Results revealed four clusters of Slavic populations connected by a network of statistically insignificant F ST values (P > 0.05): (1) all Western-Slavic and EasternSlavic populations, Slovenes and western Croats; (2) Lusatians; (3) Southern-Slavic northern Croats and Bosnians; (4) Southern-Slavic Serbs, Macedonians, and Bulgarians (Table 1).…”

“…The Polish paternal lineages revealed by Y-chromosomal microsatellite haplotype analysis were previously reported to be distant from a number of non-Slavic European populations and Slavicspeaking Muscovites (Ploski et al 2002), but no Slavic populations inhabiting Poland's geographic neighbours were taken into consideration. Despite the usage of very closely related languages by Poles and Slovaks as well as over half a millennium of a common state bordering the majority of Poles and Belarusians, the Polish Y-STR haplotype heritage was shown to be distinct from that of both neighbouring Slavic nations.…”

“…On the other hand, Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are characterised by a relatively high mutation rate and seem to be much more suitable for genetic studies of more-recent events. Although the combination between Y-chromosomal microsatellites and biallelic polymorphisms yields the highest level of resolution and a means of clarifying complex genetic histories (Weale et al 2001(Weale et al , 2002Das et al 2004), Y-STR data alone also provide very useful information for analyses of interpopulation diversity and have been widely applied in resolving differentiation of various human populations Ploski et al 2002;Caglià et al 2003;Roewer et al 2005;Immel et al 2006).…”

The Occurrence of HIV-1 Resistance Biomarker Among Two Cohorts from Poland

“…Very similar distribution of CCR5del32 variant among inhabitants of this distinct region can be the result of the recently described genetic homogeneity of Polish population [27]. On the other hand, it is possible that the comparable values of del32 allele frequency can be the cause of increasing migration of people from the south-eastern to south-western Poland after the Second World War [26].…”

Study of DYS 390 Polymorphism among Khatri Population of Punjab in Comparison to Other Indian and World Population

“…The non-recombining portion of Ychromosome contains different kinds of polymorphisms with known mutation rates. It is inherited as a single unit or haploid through paternal line of transmission (Vandenberge et al 1999;Ploski et al 2002). Recently, there has been a rapid growth in the discovery of new Y-STR markers (Kayser et al 1997;Jobling et al 1998;Ayub et al 2000;Bosch et al 2000;Butler 2003;Jobling and Tyler-Smith 2003;Deng et al 2004;Shephered et al 2004) to investigate the population affinities, their origin and subsequent distribution in various parts of globe.…”