Abstract:The homegardens result from collective learning and fulfill environmental services, contributing to the agrobiodiversity conservation and food security. The present study analyzed whether legal mechanisms incorporate concepts on environmental services and if legal frameworks in the state of São Paulo include homegardens as a feasible system for restoration of legal reserve (RL) area. Revisions of Law nº 12.651/2012 and resolutions SMA nº 44/2008 and SMA nº 32/2014 were carried out. For each attribute regarding… Show more
“…For example, biodiversity conservation, soil fertility, carbon sequestration, gender equity, social cohesion, savings or income from diversified biophysical outputs, and biocultural heritage conservation etc. In other words, HGs can fulfil ecological, economic and socio-cultural functions better than monocultures or other agricultural practices (Fernandes and Nair, 1986;Kumar and Nair, 2006;Lwanga, 2012;Sánchez, 2012;Agbogidi and Adolor, 2013;Mattsson et al, 2013;Mohri, et al, 2013;Calvet-Mir et al, 2015;Vieira et al, 2016;Schrader et al, 2017;López et al, 2019;Rosales-Martínez et al, 2019;Abdoellah et al, 2020;Castañeda-Guerrero et al, 2020). In this context, the following section intends to analyze the ecological, economic and socio-cultural importance of homegardens to have a better understanding regarding its multifunctional feature.…”
Section: Multifunctional Role Of Hg For Sustainable Developmentmentioning
<p><strong>Background.</strong> Considering the current importance of recognizing the potential of traditional agroecosystems, including homegardens in the sustainable development of many rural and urban communities, strategists and scientists around the world are showing increasing interest in their study. <strong>Objective.</strong> Analyze the scientific literature relevant to the scope and constraints of homegardens (HGs), and to identify gaps and research perspectives, especially for indigenous communities in Mexico. <strong>Methodology.</strong> A total of 335 studies published in the last decades (1986-2020) were collected from different databases using predefined keywords. All publications were organized and stored in the Zotero (2018) program. The trends of all the publications were analyzed using NVivo 12 Plus software. <strong>Results.</strong> The number of publications increased from the year 2000. About 70% of the publications analyzed were research articles in english. Of the total studies examined 239 (71.35%) were conducted in different parts of the world, of which 30% from Asia and the remaining 96 (28.65%) from Mexico, primarily in tropics. Most of these studies focused on ecological (62.98%), economic (20.29%), cultural (13.43%), social (7.46%) and multifunctional features (12.23%) of HGs. The same pattern was identified in the case of Mexico, with studies of 10.74%, 5.07%, 5.67%, 0.597%, and 3.58% focused on ecological, economic, cultural, social and the multifunctionality features of HGs respectively. <strong>Implications. </strong>The analysis of the scope and limitations of HGs contributes to identifying the need to carry out transdisciplinary research that reflects their whole dynamics as agroecosystems, in which, in addition to the ecological environment, there are various cultural aspects considered important in the indigenous communities of Mexico.<strong> Conclusions. </strong>The publications emphasized the importance of homegardens to provide multiple ecosystem functions and services to enhance human well-being. However, future research should reevaluate HGs based on a holistic multi-functional agriculture approach to promote them as one of the strategies conducive to improve family well-being. Also, it is suggested to evaluate the degree of sustainability of HGs based on its resilience and adaptation capacity to confront current challenges.</p>
“…For example, biodiversity conservation, soil fertility, carbon sequestration, gender equity, social cohesion, savings or income from diversified biophysical outputs, and biocultural heritage conservation etc. In other words, HGs can fulfil ecological, economic and socio-cultural functions better than monocultures or other agricultural practices (Fernandes and Nair, 1986;Kumar and Nair, 2006;Lwanga, 2012;Sánchez, 2012;Agbogidi and Adolor, 2013;Mattsson et al, 2013;Mohri, et al, 2013;Calvet-Mir et al, 2015;Vieira et al, 2016;Schrader et al, 2017;López et al, 2019;Rosales-Martínez et al, 2019;Abdoellah et al, 2020;Castañeda-Guerrero et al, 2020). In this context, the following section intends to analyze the ecological, economic and socio-cultural importance of homegardens to have a better understanding regarding its multifunctional feature.…”
Section: Multifunctional Role Of Hg For Sustainable Developmentmentioning
<p><strong>Background.</strong> Considering the current importance of recognizing the potential of traditional agroecosystems, including homegardens in the sustainable development of many rural and urban communities, strategists and scientists around the world are showing increasing interest in their study. <strong>Objective.</strong> Analyze the scientific literature relevant to the scope and constraints of homegardens (HGs), and to identify gaps and research perspectives, especially for indigenous communities in Mexico. <strong>Methodology.</strong> A total of 335 studies published in the last decades (1986-2020) were collected from different databases using predefined keywords. All publications were organized and stored in the Zotero (2018) program. The trends of all the publications were analyzed using NVivo 12 Plus software. <strong>Results.</strong> The number of publications increased from the year 2000. About 70% of the publications analyzed were research articles in english. Of the total studies examined 239 (71.35%) were conducted in different parts of the world, of which 30% from Asia and the remaining 96 (28.65%) from Mexico, primarily in tropics. Most of these studies focused on ecological (62.98%), economic (20.29%), cultural (13.43%), social (7.46%) and multifunctional features (12.23%) of HGs. The same pattern was identified in the case of Mexico, with studies of 10.74%, 5.07%, 5.67%, 0.597%, and 3.58% focused on ecological, economic, cultural, social and the multifunctionality features of HGs respectively. <strong>Implications. </strong>The analysis of the scope and limitations of HGs contributes to identifying the need to carry out transdisciplinary research that reflects their whole dynamics as agroecosystems, in which, in addition to the ecological environment, there are various cultural aspects considered important in the indigenous communities of Mexico.<strong> Conclusions. </strong>The publications emphasized the importance of homegardens to provide multiple ecosystem functions and services to enhance human well-being. However, future research should reevaluate HGs based on a holistic multi-functional agriculture approach to promote them as one of the strategies conducive to improve family well-being. Also, it is suggested to evaluate the degree of sustainability of HGs based on its resilience and adaptation capacity to confront current challenges.</p>
“…Os quintais agroflorestais são considerados reservatórios da diversidade de espécies vegetais, contribuindo para a manutenção das características naturais do ambiente e servindo como pequenos fragmentos florestais (Pereira et al, 2017;Santos, 2017). Por serem ambientes diversificados, são considerados ecologicamente sustentáveis (Ayres & Ribeiro, 2010;Carneiro et al, 2013;Almeida & Gama, 2014), podendo inclusive ser um sistema viável para restauração em área de reserva legal da propriedade (López et al, 2019). Nesse contexto, os quintais são classificados como um dos sistemas mais antigos de uso da terra, amplamente utilizados devido ao seu papel social, ambiental e econômico (Almeida & Gama, 2014).…”
O termo quintal agroflorestal é utilizado para denominar a área ao redor da residência composta pelo consórcio entre plantas agrícolas, árvores e animais. O presente estudo objetivou caracterizar quintais agroflorestais rurais no município de Mossoró, RN. Foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado em 27 domicílios, para caracterização familiar e dos quintais. Observou-se que as famílias são compostas em sua maioria por adultos (52%), predominantemente, com ensino fundamental (62,9%). O manejo dos quintais é, geralmente, realizado por toda a família, apesar do pouco interesse dos jovens nas atividades desenvolvidas; a composição florística apresenta em sua maioria espécies frutíferas (66%) e exóticas (57%); as aves são a principal fonte de proteína animal (84%). Poucas famílias realizam comercialização dos produtos (22,2%), podendo este fator estar relacionado com a idade dos quintais, visto que muitos se encontravam em formação (48%), e com baixa diversidade de espécies. Observa-se a importância do enriquecimento com diferentes espécies agrícolas e florestais nos quintais rurais do município de Mossoró. Os quintais agroflorestais podem ser empregados no semiárido como alternativa aos sistemas tradicionais de produção, considerando as características climáticas da região e com vistas à produção agrícola e florestal sustentável.
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