Home ranges of eurasian lynx Lynx lynx in the Polish Carpathian Mountains

Okarma, Henryk; Śnieżko, Stanisław; Śmietana, Wojciech

doi:10.2981/0909-6396(2007)13[481:hroell]2.0.co;2

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…comm. ; Okarma et al, 2007;. We did find a significant correlation between the estimated number of lynx per district and parasite species richness, as well as the total number of parasites detected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Endoparasites of the Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) in Finland

Deksne

Laakkonen

Näreaho

et al. 2013

Journal of Parasitology

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We sampled 339 fecal samples, 296 intestines, and 82 lungs from 371 lynx hunted during the 2010-2011 season in Finland. The fecal samples were analyzed for endoparasites by a quantitative flotation method, and helminths from intestines were studied morphologically, while lungs were investigated for pulmonary parasites. From fecal samples, eggs and oocysts of at least 6 different endoparasite species were identified, with a mean of 1.5 (range 0-4) parasite species per host. In the intestines, at least 4 different helminth species were found, with the mean of 2.0 (range 1-4) species per infected host. The prevalence of eggs in feces and the prevalence of worms in intestines were 71% and 93% for Toxocara cati , 29% and 68% for Taenia spp., and 5% and 2% for Diphyllobothrium sp., respectively. Only eggs were detected for Capillaria sp. (46%) and Uncinaria sp. (0.6%) nematodes, and only adults were detected for Mesocestoides sp. cestodes (0.3%). Significant positive correlations were evident between the number of T. cati (r = 0.664; P = 0.01) and Diphyllobothrium sp. (r = 0.645; P = 0.01) eggs per gram of feces and adult worms detected in intestine. In addition to the metazoan parasites, protozoan Isospora sp. oocysts were also found (0.6%). Pulmonary samples were all negative for parasites. These data demonstrate that lynx commonly harbor various endoparasites, some of which are zoonotic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Endoparasites of the Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) in Finland

Deksne

Laakkonen

Näreaho

et al. 2013

Journal of Parasitology

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“…Lynx diet studies conducted in Europe reveal that roe deer is the staple food for lynx in Poland (Jêdrzejewski et al 1993, Okarma et al 1995, Okarma 2000, the Alps (Jobin et al 2000), Swiss Jura Mountains (Weber and Weissbrodt 1999), and some parts of Norway (Aanes et al 1998). The proportion of lagomorphs in lynx diet is relatively large in the north (Pulliainen and Hyypia 1975) and decreases towards southern Eurasia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Winter diets of wolfCanis lupus and lynxLynx lynx in Estonia and Latvia

et al. 2005

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O., Ozolins J. and Bagrade G. 2005. Winter diets of wolf Canis lupus and lynx Lynx lynx in Estonia and Latvia. Acta Theriologica 50: 521-527.Winter diets of wolf Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 and lynx Lynx lynx Linnaeus, 1758 in Latvia and Estonia were investigated in 1997-2000 based on stomach contents of hunted animals and scats. Ungulates appeared to be the staple food for both predators. Lynx diet to a high extent consisted of cervids (Estonia 52% frequency of prey, Latvia 88%), roe deer dominating. Mountain hare Lepus timidus made up from 9% (Latvia) to 31% (Estonia) of the lynx diet, and red fox Vulpes vulpes 7% in Estonian sample. Wolf diet was more diverse; besides cervids (44% in Latvia, 63% in Estonia) it included wild boar Sus scrofa (32% in Latvia, 17% in Estonia), carrion, small rodents, and other food items. Proportion of empty stomachs was high both in wolves (37%) and lynxes (35%) in Latvia. Range of stomach content weights varied from zero to more than 4 kg in wolves and almost 1.5 kg in lynx. Pianka's indices of food niche overlapped significantly between species and countries (0.85-0.99).

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“…To ensure that all animals had a non-zero capture probability 41 , we placed cameras systematically to avoid any gap larger than the smallest home range of a female lynx in the Carpathians and set at least two cameras per female home range 3 . The smallest published home range size for female lynx is 124 km 2 in the Carpathians 42 ; therefore its radius (6.30 km) was used as the maximum spacing between cameras. The availability of suitable cameras (n = 16 to 60; Table 1 ) resulted in the average distance to the nearest neighbouring cameras (Point distance tool in ArcMap 10.7.1 43 ) from 2.08 km (standard deviation, hereafter SD, ± 1.18) to 2.37 km (± 0.95 km) in Beskydy, from 1.24 km (± 0.94) to 2.28 km (± 1.04) in Javorníky and from 1.81 km (± 1.33) to 3.29 km (± 0.69) in the Kysuce site (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-seasonal systematic camera-trapping reveals fluctuating densities and high turnover rates of Carpathian lynx on the western edge of its native range

Duľa

Bojda

Chabanne

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Camera-trapping and capture-recapture models are the most widely used tools for estimating densities of wild felids that have unique coat patterns, such as Eurasian lynx. However, studies dealing with this species are predominantly on a short-term basis and our knowledge of temporal trends and population persistence is still scarce. By using systematic camera-trapping and spatial capture-recapture models, we estimated lynx densities and evaluated density fluctuations, apparent survival, transition rate and individual's turnover during five consecutive seasons at three different sites situated in the Czech–Slovak–Polish borderland at the periphery of the Western Carpathians. Our density estimates vary between 0.26 and 1.85 lynx/100 km2 suitable habitat and represent the lowest and the highest lynx densities reported from the Carpathians. We recorded 1.5–4.1-fold changes in asynchronous fluctuated densities among all study sites and seasons. Furthermore, we detected high individual’s turnover (on average 46.3 ± 8.06% in all independent lynx and 37.6 ± 4.22% in adults) as well as low persistence of adults (only 3 out of 29 individuals detected in all seasons). The overall apparent survival rate was 0.63 ± 0.055 and overall transition rate between sites was 0.03 ± 0.019. Transition rate of males was significantly higher than in females, suggesting male-biased dispersal and female philopatry. Fluctuating densities and high turnover rates, in combination with documented lynx mortality, indicate that the population in our region faces several human-induced mortalities, such as poaching or lynx-vehicle collisions. These factors might restrict population growth and limit the dispersion of lynx to other subsequent areas, thus undermining the favourable conservation status of the Carpathian population. Moreover, our study demonstrates that long-term camera-trapping surveys are needed for evaluation of population trends and for reliable estimates of demographic parameters of wild territorial felids, and can be further used for establishing successful management and conservation measures.

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Home ranges of eurasian lynx Lynx lynx in the Polish Carpathian Mountains

Abstract: BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Endoparasites of the Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) in Finland

Endoparasites of the Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) in Finland

Winter diets of wolfCanis lupus and lynxLynx lynx in Estonia and Latvia

Multi-seasonal systematic camera-trapping reveals fluctuating densities and high turnover rates of Carpathian lynx on the western edge of its native range

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