Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid: a clinicopathologic study of five cases and review of the literature

Wang, Sa A.; Rahemtullah, Aliyah; Faquin, William C.; Roepke, Janet E.; Harris, Nancy L.; Hasserjian, Robert P.

doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800501

Cited by 67 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…The PET-CT has been presented as the elective exam in the setting of the lymphoma stage, discharge of follow-up and evaluation of clinical response for specific treatment (13). In this report the PET-CT has not evidenced disseminated disease or other primary sites for both thyroid neoplasms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Concomitant thyroid Malt lymphoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma

Melo

Sguilar

Petiti

et al. 2010

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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summaRyThe objective of this study was to describe the rare thyroid MALT lymphoma concomitant with papillary thyroid carcinoma in a male patient who was submitted to total thyroidectomy. Treatment and follow-up issues are addressed. Male patient complains of fast thyroid enlargement without lymphadenophaty and normal clinical exams. Total thyroidectomy was indicated and performed without any complications. The pathology showed multicentric papillary thyroid carcinoma, concomitant thyroid MALT lymphoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The immunohistochemistry assay was positive for CD 20, CD 43, CD 79, AE1/AE3. The staging studies showed no evidence of both metastasis, Ann Harbor stage IE, without B symptoms. After RIT no further radiotherapy or chemotherapy was indicated. Nowadays the thyroglobulin is undetectable, without recurrences at two years of follow-up. It was concluded that primary thyroid MALT lymphoma is uncommon being the papillary thyroid carcinoma more frequent. Both occurring concomitantly is very rare and the treatment has to prioritize the tumor of worst prognosis at the discovery moment. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2010;54(4):425-8 sumáRio O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever um raro linfoma MALT primário de tireoide concomitante com carcinoma papilífero em paciente masculino submetido à tireoidectomia total. O tratamento e o seguimento são discutidos no texto. Paciente masculino com rápido aumento da tireoide sem linfonodomegalias com exames normais. A tireoidectomia total foi indicada e realizada sem complicações. O anatomopatológico mostrou carcinoma papilífero multicêntrico concomitante com linfoma MALT e tireoidite de Hashimoto. A imuno-histoquímica foi positiva para CD 20, CD 43, CD 79, AE1/AE3. O estadiamento clínico não demonstrou evidência de metástases de ambos, Ann Harbor estádio IE, sem sintomas B. Realizado RIT sem radioterapia ou quimioterapia. Atualmente se encontra com tireoglobulina indetectável, sem recidivas ao seguimento de dois anos. Concluiu-se que o linfoma MALT primário de tireoide é raro e o carcinoma papilífero é o mais frequente com boa evolução. A concomitância de ambos é muito rara e o tratamento deve priorizar a neoplasia que apresenta o pior prognóstico no momento da descoberta.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Concomitant thyroid Malt lymphoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma

Melo

Sguilar

Petiti

et al. 2010

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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“…The differentiation between benign and malignant aetiologies such as lymphomatous involvement or intercurrent thyroid cancer may have important clinical implications. While primary thyroid lymphoma is rare and accounts for less than 1% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) [8,9], data that included a breakdown of extranodal NHL by sites from the National Cancer Database of 91 306 patients reported thyroid involvement in 1.1% [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and clinical significance of ¹⁸F–2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (FDG) uptake in the thyroid gland on PET or PET‐CT in patients with lymphoma

Lin

Wong

Lin

et al. 2011

Hematological Oncology

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F(18) -2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has become a well established tool in staging and assessing therapy response in lymphoma. Incidental thyroid uptake on PET is not uncommon and can pose a diagnostic and management challenge. We retrospectively evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of incidental FDG uptake in the thyroid gland in patients with lymphoma. 1868 lymphoma patients underwent PET and PET-CT between August 2002 and August 2008. 52 patients (2.8%) demonstrated FDG thyroid uptake (M = 17, F = 35; mean age 63 yr). Thyroid uptake was determined as focal or diffuse, maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) recorded as well as SUV max ratio compared to background mediastinum activity (SUVR). Corresponding CT findings on PET-CT were evaluated independently. Results were correlated with clinical, histopathological and imaging follow-up. 30 (1.6%) patients had focal thyroid uptake. 16 (53%) had histological confirmation either by surgery (n = 7) or FNA under USS (n = 9). The final diagnosis was benign in 12/30 patients and malignant in 9/30. The malignancy risk for focal thyroid uptake was 30%. Five patients had intercurrent thyroid cancer (four papillary, one microinvasive follicular) and four had lymphomatous involvement. There was no significant difference between the mean sizes of benign (23.7 mm, range 12-34) and malignant nodules (23.6 mm, range 8-48). The mean SUVmax of malignant and benign nodules was 4.4 (range 1.8-10.1) and 3.2 (range 1.8-6.9) respectively with no statistically significant difference. 22 (1.2%) patients had diffuse FDG uptake in thyroid and benign aetiology was found in all with adequate follow-up (15/22). Focal FDG thyroid uptake on PET or PET-CT in lymphoma patients warrants further investigations. The malignancy risk is 30% either due to intercurrent thyroid cancer or lymphomatous involvement. SUVmax, SUVR and CT attenuation characteristics are not helpful in distinguishing between benign and malignant aetiologies. Diffuse thyroid uptake has a benign aetiology.

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“…Patients with a diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid tend to be younger than patients diagnosed with other subtypes [4]. It carries a female preponderance and is usually associated with a good prognosis [35].…”

Section: Malt Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Lymphoma: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Optimal Management Strategies

et al. 2013

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Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid: a clinicopathologic study of five cases and review of the literature

Cited by 67 publications

References 33 publications

Concomitant thyroid Malt lymphoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma

Concomitant thyroid Malt lymphoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma

The prevalence and clinical significance of ¹⁸F–2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (FDG) uptake in the thyroid gland on PET or PET‐CT in patients with lymphoma

Thyroid Lymphoma: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Optimal Management Strategies

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Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid: a clinicopathologic study of five cases and review of the literature

Cited by 67 publications

References 33 publications

Concomitant thyroid Malt lymphoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma

Concomitant thyroid Malt lymphoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma

The prevalence and clinical significance of 18F–2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (FDG) uptake in the thyroid gland on PET or PET‐CT in patients with lymphoma

Thyroid Lymphoma: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Optimal Management Strategies

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The prevalence and clinical significance of ¹⁸F–2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (FDG) uptake in the thyroid gland on PET or PET‐CT in patients with lymphoma