History of the Cultivar‐Groups of<i>Cucurbita pepo</i>

Paris, Harry S.

doi:10.1002/9780470650783.ch2

Cited by 60 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…On the other hand, commercial cultivars and Spanish landraces showed similar genetic diversity. When we analyze the genetic variability of the different groups, the Cocozelle Group show the highest genetic varibility among commercial cultivars, what is coherent with the more ancient characteristics found in this Group, more similar to ancient Mexican landraces, as this Group is thougth to have been developed by the 17th century (Paris 2000). The less variable Group among commercial cultivars, as expected, was the Zucchini.…”

Section: Molecular Variability Within the Cultivar Groupsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Genetic diversity of Spanish Cucurbita pepo landraces: an unexploited resource for summer squash breeding

Formisano

Roig

Esteras

et al. 2011

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Cucurbita pepo is a world-wide cultivated vegetable of American origin. Most of the widely grown comercial types are known as Summer squashes and belong to the elongated forms of C. pepo ssp. pepo (Cocozelle, Vegetable marrow and Zucchini Groups). These forms were developed in Europe after the arrival of the first american landraces through a process of selection and fixation that led to the loss of genetic diversity. Part of the genetic variability included on the first American cultigens remains in diverse landraces, still cultivated for self-consumption and sale in local markets. Using the first colecction of genomic and EST derived microsatellites that has just become available for the species, we compared the natural variation present in a collection of Spanish landraces with that of a set of commercial varieties and hybrids, representing the current Summer squash market offer. A total of 194 alleles allowed us to distinguish all genotypes, even those closely related. In general, Cocozelle and Vegetable marrow, Groups with considerably long histories, were more variable than the Zucchini Group, of more recent origin. We found significant genetic diversity among landraces. Variation present in the local accessions belonging to the Zucchini Group was larger than that of commercial cultivars. Cluster, principal coordinates and population structure results suggested that the variation of the Spanish landraces has not been extensivelly used in breeding. Commercial Summer squashes can then benefit from this underexploited variability, specially from some landraces that already displayed favourable commercial traits.

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Section: Molecular Variability Within the Cultivar Groupsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Genetic diversity of Spanish Cucurbita pepo landraces: an unexploited resource for summer squash breeding

Formisano

Roig

Esteras

et al. 2011

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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“…As flores estaminadas e pistiladas são pentâmeras e possuem cor amarelo intenso (Paris 2001). A fl or estaminada possui cinco estames com fi letes e anteras unidos; a fl or pistilada tem ovário ínfero desenvolvido, estilete espesso e, normalmente, três lóbulos estigmáticos (Free 1993).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Polinização entomófila de abobrinha, Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae)

Serra¹,

Campos²

2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-The objectives of this work were to determine the squash entomofauna in the region of Viçosa, Minas Gerais state, to study their behavior on fl owers and their importance for pollination, verifying the role of each pollinator. The most common species were Trigona spinipes (Fabricius), Trigona hyalinata (Lepeletier), Apis mellifera (L.) and Melipona quadrifasciata (Lepeletier). The visitation behavior of A. mellifera, M. quadrifasciata, and Bombus morio (Swederus) were similar. They visited fl owers for nectar collection, positioning themselves vertically between the corolla and the sexual structures of the fl owers, with the back directed toward the fl oral axis, which permitted the removal of pollen from the anthers of fl owers with stamens and its deposition on the stigma of fl owers with pistils, being considered therefore effective pollinators. Trigona spinipes and T. hyalinata foraged in groups, preventing other species from landing on the fl owers which they occupied. Due to their small body size and only infrequent contact with the sexual structures of the fl owers, these species are considered occasional pollinators. The number of fruits produced differed between freely visited fl owers, those prevented from receiving visits and those visited only a single time by M. quadrifasciata, B. morio, A. mellifera, T. hyalinata or T. spinipes. Flowers prevented from receiving visits or visited only once by T. spinipes did not produce fruits. The remaining pollination systems led to fruitifi cation, with open pollination or a single visit from either M. quadrifasciata or B. morio leading to most fruit production.

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“…Straightneck, the most recent group among ssp. ovifera (Paris, 2000), was consistently the most dissimilar to texana gourds, and little phenotypic variation within the group was observed. Within ssp.…”

Section: I3113 Molecular Markers Used In Genetic Diversity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within ssp. pepo, Zucchini is the most recent (Paris, 2000) and the most different from the other morphotypes of its subspecies, showing limited variability. Relationships within Pumpkin accessions and between this group and Cocozelle and Vegetable marrow were not as clearly defined, perhaps due to the large amount of diversity found in these three groups.…”

Section: I3113 Molecular Markers Used In Genetic Diversity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wild relatives and ancient cultigens of the species, mostly round-or nearly round-fruited, are still found in the USA, Mexico and Central America, where several variable morphotypes were selected by Native Americans in pre-Columbian times (Paris, 2000 and2008). A number of these accessions are housed in facilities in Mexico, the USA and Costa Rica (Lira and Montes, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Desarrollo y aplicación de herramientas genómicas para la mejora de especies cucurbitáceas por calidad y resistencia a enfermedades.

Gómez¹

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Melon (Cucumis melo) and summer squash (Cucurbita pepo) are economically important cucurbits cultivated worldwide. New, better-adapted, cultivars, resistant to pests and diseases, and varieties displaying better quality traits are required to optimize their production and to meet market demands. Crop breeding must be carried out efficiently and competitively, using the existing genetic knowledge and the molecular tools available for each species. The development of genomic tools to speed up Cucurbits breeding programs is the main objective of this Doctoral Thesis.Molecular markers are essential tools for the construction of genetic maps, for an efficient MAS selection, for QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) analysis and mapping and for the development of new breeding populations. Molecular markers are also necessary tools for biodiversity analysis. High-quality markers, such as microsatellites (Simple Sequence Repeats, SSRs) and SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) have been developed and/or validated for both species in this Thesis. The generation of sequence information, required for the development of SSRs and SNPs has dramatically changed in the last 6 years due to the advent of new technological advances. In fact, a fairly complete melon transcriptome has been produced using high-throughput 454 sequencing (NGS, Next Generation Sequencing) and combining the newly produced ESTs with the previously existing Sanger sequences. The melon transcriptome characterization presented is the most complete to date (53.252 unigenes with over 63% of them annotated). The generation of large SSRs and SNPs collections for these species, by mapping the ESTs (Expressed Sequence Tags) against the new version of the transcriptome has been a great achievement starting a new era in melon breeding.The obtained collection of molecular markers (more than 3.000 SSRs and 38.000 SNPs) has allowed the construction of melon maps with increased marker density. 6Similar resources have been developed for the first time in C. pepo. SSRs identified in the C. pepo transcriptome sequencing project has been applied to localize landraces with favourable commercial traits and whose alleles might be exploited in breeding programs. Likewise, the usefulness of both EST-SSRs and genomic SSRs for depicting genetic relationships has been proved. On the other hand, the employment of the first SNP set identified for Cucurbita through a massive genotyping platform, GoldenGate, has been a success (90%). The genetic map obtained, with more than 300 SNPs, has allowed to map a large set of QTLs related to early flowering, femaleness tendency, shape, size and fruit color, and other traits of interest in breeding.Therefore, these works report the validation and application of previously developed markers and the generation of new genomic tools to speed up the breeding process of these crops. The paper-based format of this Thesis confirms the interest of the obtained results. 7 RESUMENEl melón (Cucumis melo) y el calabacín (Cucurbita pepo) son especies cucurbi...

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History of the Cultivar‐Groups ofCucurbita pepo

Cited by 60 publications

References 42 publications

Genetic diversity of Spanish Cucurbita pepo landraces: an unexploited resource for summer squash breeding

Genetic diversity of Spanish Cucurbita pepo landraces: an unexploited resource for summer squash breeding

Polinização entomófila de abobrinha, Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae)

Desarrollo y aplicación de herramientas genómicas para la mejora de especies cucurbitáceas por calidad y resistencia a enfermedades.

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