Histopathological Study of Thyroid Neoplastic Lesions in a Tertiary Care Hospital - A 5 Year Study

Abstract

Introduction: Diseases of the thyroid gland are common and comprise a spectrum of entities causing systemic disease or a localized abnormality in the thyroid gland such as nodular enlargement or a tumor mass. Thyroid cancer is a relatively rare malignancy, but it is the commonest endocrine cancer accounting for 92% of all endocrine malignancies. The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of thyroid malignancies in thyroidectomy specimens. The thyroid diseases were classified on histological grounds into non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions that were further subclassified as benign and malignant as per the WHO histological classification of thyroid tumors.Results: A total of 282 thyroid specimens were received during this study period. Neoplastic lesions were found in 204 cases (72.34%). 78.92% cases were females and 21.08% cases were males with a female: male ratio of 3.75:1. Out of 204 neoplastic lesions, 55 cases were benign accounting for 26.96% of neoplastic lesions. The age of the studied benign thyroid neoplastic lesions ranged from 9 years to 65 years with a mean age 38.11 years and the relative peak age of incidence was seen in 40-49 years age group (29.09%). Malignant thyroid lesions accounted for 72.55% (n=148) of all neoplastic lesions. The age of the studied malignant thyroid neoplastic lesions ranged from 9 years to 74 years with relative peak age of incidence between 20-29 years of age followed by 30-39 years age group. One case was diagnosed as well differentiated tumor of unknown malignant potential (WDT-UMP). Papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumor seen in 85.14% (n=126) of all malignant lesions. Follicular adenoma was most common benign neoplasm. Conclusion:Papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion while as follicular adenoma was the commonest benign adenoma.

Histopathological Spectrum of Thyroid Lesions- A Two Years Study

“…26 In our study, malignant lesions 38 cases (66.6%) predominated over benign 19 cases (33.3%) within the neoplastic category. Our findings in this regard are similar to the study of Beigh et al 1 and Abdulkader et al 27 who reported, among which 81% and 88.8% were malignant respectively.…”

“…The hormones secreted by the thyroid affect all body organs and are accountable for subsistence of homeostasis and the body integrity. 1 According to statistics by Salami et al around one-third of the population of the world lives in areas where iodine deficiency is prevalent and account for an estimated 200 million cases worldwide and 42 million cases in India itself. 2 Thyroid disorders may present as a disorderliness of thyroid hormone secretion, enlargement of thyroid leading to dyspnoea or pain.…”

Histopathological Evaluation of Solitary Nodules of Thyroid

“…In the study of Singh P et al, conducted in 2000, male-female ratio was 1:3. (1:5.6) and Mandal S, et al (1:5) 5,7,8,9,12 Similar results were observed by Chukudebeblu O et al, Salama et al, Ashwini et al, and Khadilkar et al 13 This female preponderance is apparently due to the fact that females are more prone to thyroid disorder owing to the presence of oestrogen receptors in the thyroid tissue 6,8,9,11,12 A curious observation in the present study was that right lobe of thyroid (58.63%) was more commonly involved than left lobe (41.37%). Similar observations were also noted in the studies of Khadilkar et al and Manoj Gupta et al 6,5 In this present study, reactive/hyperplastic and inflammatory nodules constituted the non-neoplastic STNs.…”

“…But in the studies of Amitabh Jena et al and Khadilkar et al malignant lesions were reported to be higher when compared to that of the benign ones. 2,6,7,13,15,16 The relatively higher incidence of malignant lesions in our study can be because of the fact that there were lesser number of cases in our study and may also be because of the fact that this is an is an oncology referral centre. The most frequent of the benign STNs is Follicular adenoma whereas the most frequent malignant STNs is Papillary carcinoma.…”

Histopathological Spectrum of Non-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions of Thyroid: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

“…9 The percentage of cases of follicular adenoma has been reported to be as low as 12.5% to as high as 56.67%. 4 , 7 , 8 , 17 Present study revealed Hurthle cell adenoma in 4 individuals (4.04%). The reported percentage of Hurthle call adenoma in different publications is 2.46% (2 cases), 5.4% (6 cases), and 5.88% (12 cases).…”