Highly Sensitive Phase-Variation Dielectric Constant Sensor Based on a Capacitively-Loaded Slow-Wave Transmission Line

Ebrahimi, Amir; Coromina, Jan; Muñoz-Enano, Jonathan; Vélez, Paris; Scott, James R.; Ghorbani, Kamran; Martín, Ferran

doi:10.1109/tcsi.2021.3074570

Cited by 67 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Today, microwave sensors are attracting increased interest among the industry and researchers due to their low-cost, compact size, compatibility with the wireless electronics, and the developing fabrication technologies, such as additive manufacturing [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. As a main application, microwave sensors have been designed and applied in materials characterization because of their high sensitivity to the electromagnetic properties of various materials .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremely Sensitive Microwave Microfluidic Dielectric Sensor Using a Transmission Line Loaded with Shunt LC Resonators

Abdelwahab

Ebrahimi

Tovar-Lopez

et al. 2021

Sensors

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In this paper, a very high sensitivity microwave-based planar microfluidic sensor is presented. Sensitivity enhancement is achieved and described theoretically and experimentally by eliminating any extra parasitic capacitance not contributing to the sensing mechanism. The sensor consists of a microstrip transmission line loaded with a series connected shunt LC resonator. A microfluidic channel is attached to the area of the highest electric field concentration. The electric field distribution and, therefore, the resonance characteristics are modified by applying microfluidic dielectric samples to the sensing area. The sensor performance and working principle are described through a circuit model analysis. A device prototype is fabricated, and experimental measurements using water/ethanol and water/methanol solutions are presented for validation of the sensing mathematical model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremely Sensitive Microwave Microfluidic Dielectric Sensor Using a Transmission Line Loaded with Shunt LC Resonators

Abdelwahab

Ebrahimi

Tovar-Lopez

et al. 2021

Sensors

Self Cite

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“…8 is derived from the result (35). The new approach's complex effective permittivities are calculated using (36). The correction coefficient is 0.846 X  when utilizing (18).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a focus on the phase sensibility to extract the dielectric constant has attracted the researchers' attention by using the transmission coefficient through the low-pass filter design frame [36] but didn't cover a wider frequency band. In this paper, we present a technique using two rectangular coaxial identical transmission lines but different lengths…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material Relative Permittivity Determination From the Inhomogeneous Transmission-Line Secondary Parameters

2022

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After further transmission line technique investigation, we propose a new approach to material characterization based on the combination of the propagation constant and the characteristic impedance of the transmission-line. Three main elements constitute the approach novelty's root: the determination of the propagation constant without using the eigenvalue principle, the improved mathematical expression of the characteristic impedance, and the automatically corrected coefficient. The two-line technique is based on three required measures, where the most extended fixture is partially filled with the specimen to be tested. As a result, the discontinuities caused by the geometric change of access interfaces and the waveguide dimensions have been solved. The characteristic impedance is determined straight and amended by a third polynomial function degree. The polynomial function and the amended correction coefficient determination are the facilitation parameters of the new approach technique. This new method allows the extraction of the material's complex relative permittivity. The procedure has been validated with the Rogers RO4003C, Alumina 99.6%, and Vinifera (based on the dielectric materials available in our laboratory) through the microstrip fixture in the scanned frequency (0.08 -8) GHz by extracting its electric intrinsic parameters. The dielectric constants range from 1.1-10.4, where the thicknesses are 1.54 mm, 2.067 mm, and 1.078 mm have been used. Two identical microstrip test cells with the same geometric dimensions but various lengths have been manufactured. That promotes the feasibility of two measures simultaneously.

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“…The sensitivity of these microwave sensors is highly dependent on SRRs or CSRRs shape, size and orientation [12][13][14]. Meandered microstrip line and interdigital structures have been used recently in microwave sensors to achieve higher sensitivity [15][16][17]. Capacitively-loaded periodic slow-wave transmission line for dielectric constant measurement is presented in [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meandered microstrip line and interdigital structures have been used recently in microwave sensors to achieve higher sensitivity [15][16][17]. Capacitively-loaded periodic slow-wave transmission line for dielectric constant measurement is presented in [15]. The achieved sensitivity is higher than ordinary meandered line with similar dimensions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T-Junction Loaded With Interdigital Capacitor for Differential Measurement of Permittivity

Mohammadi

Kara

2022

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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The microwave sensors have been successfully used for permittivity measurement. These sensors suffer from limited sensitivity and environmental effects. This paper presents a novel T-junction highly sensitive microwave sensor for permittivity measurement of low loss solid materials. The proposed sensor operation principle is based on downshifting the transmission zero of the outputs of T-junction with the coupling of the material under test (MUT). The sensing section consist of an interdigital capacitor (IDC) located in between the lines of the T-junction. IDC is directly connected to output arms of T-junction so that it could disturb the outputs strongly. Any change in electric field concentration in IDC directly is transmitted to the outputs and is translated as TZ change. Design steps including T-junction and IDC effects on outputs are presented in details. The sensor operation principle is described through an equivalent circuit model which is validated by simulation and experimental results. Two outputs of the proposed sensor show the same electrical performances which allow differential operation mode. Hence, cross sensitivity due to environmental factors can be tolerated by the sensor. Measurement results of the fabricated prototype shows 𝟏𝟏𝟐 𝑴𝑯𝒛 frequency shift per unit permittivity change, and a normalized sensitivity of 3.9 %, which are larger than available similar sensors. The proposed sensor is implemented on a 𝟐𝟐. 𝟐𝟐 × 𝟏𝟖. 𝟕𝟔 × 𝟏. 𝟔 𝒎𝒎 𝟑 printed circuit board.

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Highly Sensitive Phase-Variation Dielectric Constant Sensor Based on a Capacitively-Loaded Slow-Wave Transmission Line

Cited by 67 publications

References 77 publications

Extremely Sensitive Microwave Microfluidic Dielectric Sensor Using a Transmission Line Loaded with Shunt LC Resonators

Extremely Sensitive Microwave Microfluidic Dielectric Sensor Using a Transmission Line Loaded with Shunt LC Resonators

Material Relative Permittivity Determination From the Inhomogeneous Transmission-Line Secondary Parameters

T-Junction Loaded With Interdigital Capacitor for Differential Measurement of Permittivity

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