Highly selective lanthanide-doped ion sieves for lithium recovery from aqueous solutions

Abstract

The increased global demand for lithium is rapidly depleting the lithium ore reserves. Therefore, attention has turned to the recovery of lithium from aqueous solutions, such as lithium-containing brine. Compared with other methods of lithium recovery, adsorption is energy efficient and simple to implement, increasing demand for selective lithium adsorbents. In this study, a selective lithium-ion adsorbent, H4Ti5– xLa xO12, was synthesized via the sol–gel method, followed by heat treatment and acid washing. The effects of the temperature and degree of lanthanum doping ( x) on the crystalline phase, morphology, lithium-ion adsorption capacity, and lithium-ion selectivity of the ion sieve were investigated, and the optimal synthetic conditions were determined. We found that doping with La3+ cations ( x = 0.01) increased the lithium-ion adsorption capacity (23.96 mg g−1 at 25 °C at pH = 12; 8.2% higher than before doping), rate, and selectivity. In addition, the ion sieve could be used over multiple adsorption–desorption cycles with only a minor reduction in the lithium-ion adsorption capacity (22.88 mg g−1). Overall, these results suggest that doping with La3+ cations stabilized the H4Ti5– xLa xO12 crystal structure, alleviated particle agglomeration, expanded the lithium-ion channels, and decreased the resistance to lithium-ion migration, thus improving adsorption performance. The findings suggest that the proposed ion sieve has practical applications in the selective recovery of lithium from aqueous solutions containing a mixture of metal ions.

Surfactant-Capped Silver-Doped Calcium Oxide Nanocomposite: Efficient Sorbents for Rapid Lithium Uptake and Recovery from Aqueous Media

“…The highest Li + adsorption potential was recorded at pH 10 for the SDS@Ag-CaO nanocomposites compared to PVP@Ag-CaO, which may be due to several reasons: (i) the anionic nature of SDS (anionic surfactant), whereas PVP is a non-ionic surfactant, and (ii) the presence of a very strong negatively charged sulfonate group in SDS, which is not present in the PVP surfactant [66]. Zheng et al [67] reported a similar type of pH effect trend by using the designed lanthanide-doped ion sieves. In that work, it was recorded that, by increasing the Li + solution pH from 2 to 10, the Li + adsorption potential of the ion sieve adsorbents also increased.…”