Tw o-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted great interest owing to their unique properties and aw ide arrayo fp otential applications. However,d ue to their inert nature,p ristine TMDs are very challenging to functionalize.Wedemonstrate ageneral route to functionalize exfoliated 2H-MoS 2 with cysteine.C ritically, MoS 2 was found to be facilitating the oxidation of the thiol cysteine to the disulfide cystine during functionalization. The resulting cystine was physisorbed on MoS 2 rather than coordinated as at hiol (cysteine) filling S-vacancies in the 2H-MoS 2 surface,aso riginally conceived. These observations were found to be true for other organic thiols and indeed other TMDs.O ur findings suggest that functionalization of twodimensional MoS 2 using organic thiols may not yield covalently or datively tethered functionalities,r ather,i nt his instance,t hey yield physisorbed disulfides that are easily removed.Inthe rich family of two-dimensional (2D) layered nanomaterials,l ayered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have sparked increasing interest owing to their unique structures,w ide range of chemical compositions,a nd av ast array of unique physical properties. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] TMDs have potential applications in electronic devices,o ptoelectronics,s ensing, energy storage,a nd catalysis. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Am ajor focus of experimental research in recent years has concentrated on the development of synthetic routes to produce high-quality TMD nanosheets. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] However,routes towards the efficient high-yield synthesis or exfoliation of TMDs remain lacking, hindering the production of large quantities of TMD nanosheets.F unctionalization of such layered materials could facilitate the production of higher quantities of 2D TMDs, while also allowing for the tuning of their physical properties.Molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 )isaprototypical TMD and acts as an excellent model system to explore the chemistry of 2D TMDs.2 DM oS 2 is most often isolated as one of two polymorphs: [14] in 2H-MoS 2 S-atoms coordinate to the Moatom in atrigonal prismatic fashion, whereas in 1T-MoS 2 the Mo-atom is octahedrally ligated. Importantly,t hin layered 2H-and 1T-MoS 2 display different properties,2 H-MoS 2 is as emi-conductor (energy gap % 1.2 eV) and ap hotoluminophore, [21,22] whereas 1T-MoS 2 is metallic and does not photoluminesce. [3] Thec ovalent functionalization of 1T-MoS 2 has recently been reported, [23,24] employing ar ather harsh chemical exfoliation (ce) procedure.N ow ell-characterized examples of covalent functionalization of 2H-MoS 2 have been reported to date.W er ecently reported the mild functionalization of 2H-MoS 2 through ligation of surface S-atoms to coordination complexes, [25] our efforts are now focused on exploring routes towards the covalent functionalization of 2H-MoS 2 .Recent reports have claimed the functionalization of both ce-1T-a nd 2H-MoS 2 by reaction with organic thiols.I n as emina...