Highly adaptive Phenuiviridae with biomedical importance in multiple fields

Abstract

The newly established virus family Phenuiviridae in Bunyavirales harbors viruses infecting three kingdoms of host organisms (animals, plants, and fungi), which is rare in known virus families. Many phenuiviruses are arboviruses and replicate in two distinct hosts (e.g., insects and humans or rice). Multiple phenuiviruses, such as Dabie bandavirus, Rift Valley fever phlebovirus, and Rice stripe tenuivirus, are highly pathogenic to humans, animals, or plants.They impose heavy global burdens on human health, livestock industry, and agriculture and are research hotspots. In recent years the taxonomy of Phenuiviridae has been expanded greatly, and researches on phenuiviruses have made significant progress. With these advances, this review drew a novel panorama regarding the biomedical significance, distribution, morphology, genomics, taxonomy, evolution, replication, transmission, pathogenesis, and control of phenuiviruses, to aid researchers in various fields to recognize this highly adaptive and very important virus family.

Frameshift Mutations in the Microevolution and Macroevolution of Viruses

“…FSMs in 13 virus families. We downloaded and analyzed randomly selected gene sequences of randomly selected viruses from 11 randomly selected RNA virus families and 2 randomly selected DNA virus families, including the newly established virus families of Hantaviridae, Nairoviridae, Peribunyaviridae, and Phenuiviridae (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). These sequences constituted 604 fas files, which harbored 400, 167, 195, and 244 groups with intra-group sequence identities of 90.0%−99.9%, 80.0%−89.9%, 70.0%−79.9%, and 60.0%−69.9%, respectively (Fig.…”

“…Few studies have been reported regarding FSMs in the evolution of viruses, including the viruses in the 13 families (Hughes, et al 2010; Taubenberger and Kash 2010; Breitbart, et al 2017; Simmonds, et al 2017; Zell, et al 2017; Chen, et al 2018; Laenen, et al 2019; Radoshitzky, et al 2019; Rima, et al 2019; Garrison, et al 2020; Hughes, et al 2020; Sun, et al 2022; Zmasek, et al 2022). This could be partially because researchers usually focused on virus evolution on small scales (e.g., intra-species evolution or microevolution of influenza virus or SARS-CoV-2), and FSMs are relatively rare in virus evolution on small scale, as revealed by this report and a previous report (Park and Hahn 2021).…”

“…Few studies have been reported regarding FSMs in the evolution of viruses, including the viruses in the 13 families investigated in this study, as indicated by the relevant reviews (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). This could be partially because researchers usually focus on virus evolution on small scales (e.g., intra-species evolution or microevolution of influenza viruses or SARS-CoV-2), and FSMs are relatively rare in virus evolution on small scales, as revealed by this report and a previous report (9).…”

Coinfections in hospitalized patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A retrospective study

“…1 Its etiological agent, SFTS virus (SFTSV), belongs to the species Dabie bandavirus, in the family Phenuiviridae. 2 Although most individuals infected with SFTSV experience mild-to-moderate disease, a subset of them fall critically ill and readily progress into fatal outcome. 3 Generally, severe disease is associated with cellular immunosuppression and humoral immune regulation disorders of the host manipulated by SFTSV, thus increasing susceptibility to coinfections.…”

“…Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick‐borne hemorrhagic fever that has been reported in Asia, mainly in China, Korea, and Japan, for a decade 1 . Its etiological agent, SFTS virus (SFTSV), belongs to the species Dabie bandavirus , in the family Phenuiviridae 2 . Although most individuals infected with SFTSV experience mild‐to‐moderate disease, a subset of them fall critically ill and readily progress into fatal outcome 3 .…”