Higher Docosahexaenoic acid, lower Arachidonic acid and reduced lipid tolerance with high doses of a lipid emulsion containing 15% fish oil: A randomized clinical trial

D’Ascenzo, Rita; Savini, Sara; Biagetti, Chiara; Bellagamba, Maria Paola; Marchionni, Paolo; Pompilio, Adriana; Cogo, Paola; Carnielli, Virgilio P.

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2014.01.009

Cited by 83 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Infants received 1 of 5 lipid emulsions (soybean, MCT/soybean, MCT/soybean/fish, olive/soybean, MCT/olive/soybean/fish) for 21 days. D'Ascenzo et al 102 studied 80 premature infants randomized (blinded) to SMOF vs soybean lipid as part of PN. Deshpande et al 103 randomized (blinded) 34 preterm infants to SMOF vs olive/soybean lipid emulsion as part of PN.…”

Section: Reversibility/prevention Of Pnald With Lipid/phytosterol Redmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytosterols, Lipid Administration, and Liver Disease During Parenteral Nutrition

Zaloga

2015

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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Phytosterols are plant-derived sterols that are structurally and functionally analogous to cholesterol in vertebrate animals. Phytosterols are found in many foods and are part of the normal human diet. However, absorption of phytosterols from the diet is minimal. Most lipid emulsions used for parenteral nutrition are based on vegetable oils. As a result, phytosterol administration occurs during intravenous administration of lipid. Levels of phytosterols in the blood and tissues may reach high levels during parenteral lipid administration and may be toxic to cells. Phytosterols are not fully metabolized by the human body and must be excreted through the hepatobiliary system. Accumulating scientific evidence suggests that administration of high doses of intravenous lipids that are high in phytosterols contributes to the development of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease. In this review, mechanisms by which lipids and phytosterols may cause cholestasis are discussed. Human studies of the association of phytosterols with liver disease are reviewed. In addition, clinical studies of lipid/phytosterol reduction for reversing and/or preventing parenteral nutrition associated liver disease are discussed.

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Section: Reversibility/prevention Of Pnald With Lipid/phytosterol Redmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytosterols, Lipid Administration, and Liver Disease During Parenteral Nutrition

Zaloga

2015

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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“…One animal study and a clinical observation study have shown that n‐3 long‐chain PUFAs (LCPUFAs), which comprise eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n‐3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n‐3), decrease pulmonary inflammation. In this context, some neonatologists have used parenteral nutrition solution supplemented by pharmaceutical fish oil to improve the lung fatty acid profile of preterm neonates as well as their immune function .…”

Section: Weight and Clinical Outcome At Baseline And At 28 Days Of Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Parenteral nutrition with fish oil supplements is safe and seems to be effective in severe preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome

et al. 2015

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“…Another study of infants with a GA of 28-31 weeks reported less ROP in fish oil-supplemented infants but no difference in need for treatment of proliferative disease [49] . Two other randomized controlled studies did not show any beneficial of fish oil lipid emulsion on ROP [50,51] .…”

Section: Retinopathy Of Prematuritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Clinical Outcomes of Preterm Infants

Lapillonne

Moltu

2016

Ann Nutr Metab

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Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) play specific roles during the perinatal period and are very important nutrients to consider. The possible effects of LCPUFAs, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on various clinical outcomes of preterm infants are discussed in this paper. Since DHA accumulates in the central nervous system during development, a lot of attention has focused on the effects of DHA on neurodevelopment. Experimental studies as well as recent clinical trials show that providing larger amounts of DHA than currently and routinely provided is associated with better neurological outcomes at 18 months to 2 years. This early advantage, however, does not seem to translate into detectable change in visual and neurodevelopmental outcomes or behavior when assessed in childhood. There is growing evidence that, in addition to effects on development, omega-3 LCPUFAs may reduce the incidence or severity of neonatal morbidities by affecting different steps of the immune and anti-inflammatory response. Studies in preterm infants suggest that the omega-3 LCPUFAs may play a significant role by reducing the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis and possibly retinopathy of prematurity and sepsis. Overall, evidence is increasing to support the benefits of high-dose DHA for various health outcomes of preterm infants. These findings are of major clinical relevance mainly because infants born preterm are at particularly high risk for a nutritional deficit in omega-3 fatty acids, predisposing to adverse neonatal outcomes. Further studies are warranted to address these issues as well as to more precisely determine the LCPUFA requirement in order to favor the best possible outcomes of preterm infants.

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Higher Docosahexaenoic acid, lower Arachidonic acid and reduced lipid tolerance with high doses of a lipid emulsion containing 15% fish oil: A randomized clinical trial

Cited by 83 publications

References 32 publications

Phytosterols, Lipid Administration, and Liver Disease During Parenteral Nutrition

Phytosterols, Lipid Administration, and Liver Disease During Parenteral Nutrition

Parenteral nutrition with fish oil supplements is safe and seems to be effective in severe preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome

Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Clinical Outcomes of Preterm Infants

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