Higher Content of 18:1 Trans Fatty Acids in Subcutaneous Fat of Persons with Coronarographically Documented Atherosclerosis of the Coronary Arteries

Abstract

Aim: To identify the total content of trans fatty acid (TFA) isomers and C18:1 trans isomers in subcutaneous fat samples from persons with atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, as an indicator of dietary exposure. Methods: Using capillary gas chromatography, the authors determined total content of TFA isomers and C18:1 trans isomers in the subcutaneous fat of 34 patients with ischemic heart disease who had undergone aortocoronary bypass surgery and in 46 patients with no sign of coronary disease. Results: On average, the total TFAs in cardiac patients were 2.88 ± 1.19% of all fatty acids, in noncardiac patients 2.56 ± 0.89%. However, the difference is not statistically significant. The average concentration of C18:1 trans in cardiac patients (2.31 ± 1.09%) was statistically significantly higher (p = 0.05) than in the noncardiac group (1.95 ± 0.77%). Conclusions: The results obtained indicate a lower TFA load in comparison with previous studies in other countries. A higher concentration of 18:1 TFAs in the subcutaneous fat of patients with coronary disease might be an impulse to correct the dietary habits of this very high-risk population.

Consumption of Oxidized and Partially Hydrogenated Oils Differentially Induces Trans-Fatty Acids Incorporation in Rats' Heart and Dyslipidemia

“…However, in recent years, questions have been raised as to whether the consumption of linoleic acid has become excessive [20], to the point of actually contributing to an increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) via its conversion to arachidonic acid, the predominant substrate for proinflammatory prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxane, and prostacyclin [21]. Dlouhy et al [22] demonstrated that higher linoleic acid intakes tend to decrease serum LDL-C levels, which cannot be explained by our results because the MG diet with lower linoleic acid content reveale a significant increase in LDL-C. It is assumed that industrial trans-fats increase LDL-C, which is confirmed in this study by the MG diet, which significantly increased LDL-C. Our findings clearly show that rats with hyperlipidemia induced by a high-fat feed exhibit trans-FA accumulation in their hearts.…”

Intake of ruminant versus industrial trans fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease – what is the evidence?

“…The other case control studies studied either C18:1 D9t isomer [31] or pooled all C18:1t isomers [32][33][34][35][36][37]. The C18:1t biomarker levels were not associated with risk in most of the studies [31][32][33][34][35], although one study reported that C18:1t levels were significantly higher [36] and another that they were significantly lower [37] in cases than in controls.…”

Higher Content of C18:1 Trans Fatty Acids in Early Human Milk Fat of Roma Breast-Feeding Women

“…TFA content in subcutaneous fat and in human milk fat is a good indicator of TFA dietary exposure. Dlouhý et al [14,15] have described TFA content in subcutaneous fat and in human breast milk fat in the general population of the Czech Republic. However, the intake of TFA in minor population groups that may differ due to specific eating habits has not yet been studied.…”