High thermoelectric performance of n-type PbTe1−S  due to deep lying states induced by indium doping and spinodal decomposition

Zhang, Qian; Chere, Eyob Kebede; Wang, Yumei; Kim, Hee Seok; He, Ran; Cao, Feng; Dahal, Keshab; Broido, David; Chen, Gang; Ren, Zhifeng

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.02.040

Cited by 64 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Compared with the maximum ZT value (0.58) of Pb 0.988 Sb 0.012 Te, the Pb 0.988 Sb 0.012 Te–13%GeTe–Nano pellet achieves ≈140% improvement of the maximum ZT value. This high thermoelectric ZT value outperforms many n‐type PbTe reported so far especially at the low temperature range (300–800 K) . Furthermore, the average ZT avg value of ≈1.04 is obtained in the temperature range from 300 to 773 K ( Figure ) for Pb 0.988 Sb 0.012 Te–13%GeTe–Nano, which is higher than the average ZT avg values reported for n‐type PbTe.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…Furthermore, the average ZT avg value of ≈1.04 is obtained in the temperature range from 300 to 773 K ( Figure ) for Pb 0.988 Sb 0.012 Te–13%GeTe–Nano, which is higher than the average ZT avg values reported for n‐type PbTe. [18,23,29a,30]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cl‐doped (PbTe) 0.75 (PbS) 0.15 (PbSe) 0.1 exhibits a maximum ZT value of ≈1.1 at 800 K . Pb 0.98 In 0.02 Te 0.8 S 0.2 has also been shown to achieve an enhanced ZT value of ≈1.1 at 673 K by using a deep lying dopant . Recently, high ZT ≈1.5 at 723 K was reported in PbTe–2%Cu 2 Te by synergistically suppressing κ lat and enhancing carrier mobility through Cu 2 Te inclusions …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

High Thermoelectric Performance in Supersaturated Solid Solutions and Nanostructured n‐Type PbTe–GeTe

Luo

Zhang

Hua

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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Sb-doped and GeTe-alloyed n-type thermoelectric materials that show an excellent figure of merit ZT in the intermediate temperature range (400-800 K) are reported. The synergistic effect of favorable changes to the band structure resulting in high Seebeck coefficient and enhanced phonon scattering by point defects and nanoscale precipitates resulting in reduction of thermal conductivity are demonstrated. The samples can be tuned as single-phase solid solution (SS) or two-phase system with nanoscale precipitates (Nano) based on the annealing processes. The GeTe alloying results in band structure modification by widening the bandgap and increasing the density-ofstates effective mass of PbTe, resulting in significantly enhanced Seebeck coefficients. The nanoscale precipitates can improve the power factor in the low temperature range and further reduce the lattice thermal conductivity (κ lat ). Specifically, the Seebeck coefficient of Pb 0.988 Sb 0.012 Te-13%GeTe-Nano approaches −280 µV K −1 at 673 K with a low κ lat of 0.56 W m −1 K −1 at 573 K. Consequently, a peak ZT value of 1.38 is achieved at 623 K. Moreover, a high average ZT avg value of ≈1.04 is obtained in the temperature range from 300 to 773 K for n-type Pb 0.988 Sb 0.012 Te-13%GeTe-Nano. Microstructure of the Solid Solution SystemMicrostructure information of the Pb 0.988 Sb 0.012 Te-13%GeTe-SS sample is summarized in Figure 2. Figure 2a-c depicts

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Thermoelectric Performance in Supersaturated Solid Solutions and Nanostructured n‐Type PbTe–GeTe

Luo

Zhang

Hua

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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“…(i) quantum confinement of electron charge carriers; 8 (ii) synergistic nano-structuring; [9][10][11][12][13] (iii) nanoinclusions, which enable acoustic phonon scatterings; 14,15 (iv) electron filtering; 16 (v) convergence of electronic band valleys; [17][18][19][20] (vi) fostering resonant levels by impurities inside the valence band; 21 (vii) alloying to create point defects; [22][23][24] (viii) complex crystal structures like skutterudites, 25,26 Zintl compounds, 27,28 hetero-structured superlattice thin-films; 29 (ix) semi-conducting glasses, [30][31][32][33][34] and (x) utilization of magnetism, [35][36][37][38] for instance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Processing Route on the Thermoelectric Performance of Nanostructured CuPb₁₈SbTe₂₀

et al. 2018

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The quaternary AgPb18SbTe20 compound (abbreviated as LAST) is a prominent thermoelectric material with good performance. Endotaxially embedded nanoscale Ag-rich precipitates contribute significantly to decreased lattice thermal conductivity (latt) in LAST alloys. In this work, Ag in LAST alloys was completely replaced by the more economically available Cu. Herein, we conscientiously investigated the different routes of synthesizing CuPb18SbTe20 after vacuum-sealed tube melt processing, including: (i) slow cooling of the melt; (ii) quenching and annealing; (iii) consolidation by spark plasma sintering (SPS); and also by the state-of-the-art (iv) Flash-SPS. Irrespective of the method of synthesis, the electrical (σ) and thermal (tot) conductivities of CuPb18SbTe20 samples were akin to that of LAST alloys. Both the flash-SPSed and the slow cooled CuPb18SbTe20 samples with nanoscale dislocations and Cu-rich nanoprecipitates exhibited an ultra-low latt  0.58 W/mK at 723 K, comparable with that its Ag counterpart, regardless of differences in their size of the precipitates, type of precipitate-matrix interfaces and other nanoscopic architectures.The sample processed by flash sintering manifested higher figure of merit (zT  0.9 at 723 K), due to better optimization and trade-off between the transport properties by decreasing the carrier concentration and latt without degrading the carrier mobility. In spite of their comparable σ and tot, the zT of the Cu samples were low compared to the Ag samples due to their contrasting thermopower values. First-principles calculations attribute this variation in Seebeck to the dwindling of the energy gap (from 0.1 eV to 0.02 eV) between the valence and conduction bands in MPb18SbTe20 (M = Cu or Ag), when Cu replaces Ag. Materials and Methods ReagentsPb (Strem Chemicals, 99.999%), Sb (Alfa Aesar, 99.999%), Cu (Alfa Aesar, 99.999%) and Te (JGI, 99.999%) were used for synthesis without any further purification. SynthesisIn this work, several different processing routes were investigated, however, the first step (synthesis) was common to all of the processing routes. Samples of CuPb18SbTe20 were synthesized using the vacuumsealed tube melt processing. Stoichiometric amounts of the starting elements of Cu, Pb, Sb and Te were introduced into a fused silica tube. The tube was prepared by cleaning with hydrofluoric (HF) acid and distilled water, then dried under vacuum. The ampoules were sealed under a vacuum of 10 -6 Torr, then placed in a rocking furnace and slowly heated to 1223 K over a period of 12 hours, then held at that temperature for 15 hours. Four different batches of samples were prepared, the first two were produced directly from the molten material, followed by: (i) cooling the melt to room temperature over a period of 18 hours (samples denoted as 'SS'); (ii) rapidly quenching the tube in water, followed by annealing at 973 K for 8 hours (denoted as 'MQ'). The other two batches used the material produced by method (i), which was crushed and milled. The powders were then ...

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“…In addition, the thermoelectric performance in PbTe 1−x Se x ternary alloys can be increased by nanostructuring, resulting in low lattice thermal conductivity. Nanostructuring in the PbTe-PbS system can be achieved using bulk phase separation either by nucleation or spinodal decomposition depending on the relative phase fraction [19].Recent advances report that the lattice thermal conductivity in the quaternary system of (PbTe) 1−x−y (PbSe) x (PbSe) y can be reduced by point defect, which is produced by triple disorder in the rock salt structure [20][21][22]. High ZT ≈ 2.2 at 800 K was obtained in p-type (PbTe) 1−2x (PbSe) x (PbS) x quaternary alloys due to band engineering and phonon scattering from point defects [20,23,24].…”

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confidence: 99%

Synergetic Approach for Superior Thermoelectric Performance in PbTe-PbSe-PbS Quaternary Alloys and Composites

2019

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Thermoelectric power generation is an energy conversion technology from heat to electric energy, which can be applied to waste heat power conversion. Among thermoelectric materials (TE), PbTe-PbSe-PbS quaternary alloys and composites are promising candidates for thermoelectric power generation applications in the mid-temperature operating range from 500 to ~850 K. Besides, the thermoelectric performance of quaternary alloys and composites is not fully optimized regarding its composition and synthesis process. In the quaternary system, PbTe-PbSe-PbS, it was found that PbS will form nanoprecipitation in the matrix of quaternary alloy for a small content of PbS (≤0.07), which reduces the lattice thermal conductivity. The power factor of PbTe-PbSe-PbS quaternary alloys can be significantly enhanced by using a band convergence in PbTe1−xSex. The band structure modifications, with the result of simultaneous PbS nanoprecipitation, give rise to a high Z T value of 2.3 at 800 K for (PbTe)0.95−x(PbSe)x(PbS)0.05. The chemical potential tuning by effective K-doping ( x = 0.02) and PbS substitution reveals a high power factor and low thermal conductivity, resulting in a comparatively high Z T value of 1.72 at 800 K. The combination of a high Seebeck coefficient and low thermal conductivity results in a very high Z T value of 1.52 at 700 K as n-type materials for low Cl-doped ( x = 0.0005) (PbTe0.93−xSe0.07Clx)0.93(PbS)0.07 composites. Therefore, this review presents the simultaneous emergence of effective chemical potential tuning, band convergence, and nanoprecipitation, giving rise to a significant enhancement of the thermoelectric performance of both p - and n -type PbTe-PbSe-PbS quaternary alloy and composite TE materials.

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High thermoelectric performance of n-type PbTe1−S due to deep lying states induced by indium doping and spinodal decomposition

Cited by 64 publications

References 56 publications

High Thermoelectric Performance in Supersaturated Solid Solutions and Nanostructured n‐Type PbTe–GeTe

High Thermoelectric Performance in Supersaturated Solid Solutions and Nanostructured n‐Type PbTe–GeTe

Effect of the Processing Route on the Thermoelectric Performance of Nanostructured CuPb₁₈SbTe₂₀

Synergetic Approach for Superior Thermoelectric Performance in PbTe-PbSe-PbS Quaternary Alloys and Composites

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High thermoelectric performance of n-type PbTe1−S due to deep lying states induced by indium doping and spinodal decomposition

Cited by 64 publications

References 56 publications

High Thermoelectric Performance in Supersaturated Solid Solutions and Nanostructured n‐Type PbTe–GeTe

High Thermoelectric Performance in Supersaturated Solid Solutions and Nanostructured n‐Type PbTe–GeTe

Effect of the Processing Route on the Thermoelectric Performance of Nanostructured CuPb18SbTe20

Synergetic Approach for Superior Thermoelectric Performance in PbTe-PbSe-PbS Quaternary Alloys and Composites

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Effect of the Processing Route on the Thermoelectric Performance of Nanostructured CuPb₁₈SbTe₂₀