High-speed holographic optical tweezers using a ferroelectric liquid crystal microdisplay

Hossack, W.J.; Theofanidou, Eirini; Crain, J. A.; Heggarty, Kevin; Birch, M. J.

doi:10.1364/oe.11.002053

Cited by 90 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…They do pose different geometrical requirements. One possible arrangement would be to place the reflective modulator perpendicular to the optical axis [25] and then redirect the modulated beam out with a beam-splitter, as shown in Figure 5a. However, control of the input and output polarization is a much desired feature of the setup, as it may allow free access to the different operating modes of the device (such as the phase-only modulation operating curve).…”

Section: Optical System Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design strategies for optimizing holographic optical tweezers set-ups

Martı́n-Badosa¹,

Montes-Usategui²,

Carnicer³

et al. 2007

J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt.

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Abstract. We provide a detailed account of the construction of a system of holographic optical tweezers. While a lot of information is available on the design, alignment and calibration of other optical trapping configurations, those based on holography are relatively poorly described. Inclusion of a spatial light modulator in the setup gives rise to particular design trade-offs and constraints, and the system benefits from specific optimization strategies, which we discuss.

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Section: Optical System Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design strategies for optimizing holographic optical tweezers set-ups

Martı́n-Badosa¹,

Montes-Usategui²,

Carnicer³

et al. 2007

J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt.

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“…Usually, all these works consider that the phase-only diffractive screen is a static mask. Some other works change the diffractive screen by means of different images encoded onto different frames of the video signal [17,18]. In general, the phase modulation properties of LCDs have been analyzed by means of Jones matrix based methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time fluctuations of the phase modulation in a liquid crystal on silicon display: characterization and effects in diffractive optics

Moreno¹,

Lizana²,

Márquez³

et al. 2008

Opt. Express

148

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Abstract:In this paper we provide evidence of the temporal fluctuations of the phase modulation property of a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display, and we analyze its effect when the device is used for displaying a diffractive optical element. We use a commercial twisted nematic LCoS display configured to produce a phase-only modulation, and we provide time resolved measurements of the diffraction efficiency that show rapid fluctuations of the phase modulation, in the millisecond order. We analyze how these fluctuations have to be considered in two typical methods for the characterization of the phase modulation: two beam interference and diffraction from a binary grating. We finally provide experimental results on the use of this device for displaying a computer generated hologram. A reduction of the modulation diffraction efficiency results from the phase modulation fluctuation. Opt. Eng. 29, 240-246 (1990

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“…By employing a ferroelectric LC spatial light modulator, a fast switching speed is obtained. Heggarty et al 108 published a very rapid reconfiguration of trap geometries, high-speed particle movement and tweezer arrays using FLC-LCOS. The basis of performance improvement for optical tweezers consists of trap intensity control, spatial variations of the phase response or eliminating the amount of light away from the traps.…”

Section: Algorithms Of Hologram Generation For Phase-only Lcos Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamentals of phase-only liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) devices

2014

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This paper describes the fundamentals of phase-only liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) technology, which have not been previously discussed in detail. This technology is widely utilized in high efficiency applications for real-time holography and diffractive optics. The paper begins with a brief introduction on the developmental trajectory of phase-only LCOS technology, followed by the correct selection of liquid crystal (LC) materials and corresponding electro-optic effects in such devices. Attention is focused on the essential requirements of the physical aspects of the LC layer as well as the indispensable parameters for the response time of the device. Furthermore, the basic functionalities embedded in the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) silicon backplane for phase-only LCOS devices are illustrated, including two typical addressing schemes. Finally, the application of phase-only LCOS devices in real-time holography will be introduced in association with the use of cutting-edge computer-generated holograms. The architecture of LCOS devices is similar to conventional LC devices except that a silicon backplane constitutes one of the substrates (Figure 1). The silicon CMOS backplane consists of the electronic circuitry that is buried underneath pixel arrays to provide a high 'fill factor'. The pixels are aluminum mirrors deposited on the surface of the silicon backplane. The incident light is transmitted through the LC layer with almost zero absorption. The integration of high-performance driving circuitry allows the applied voltage to be changed on each pixel, thereby controlling the phase retardation of the incident wavefront across the device. Currently, there are two types of light modulation using LCOS devices, amplitude modulation and phase modulation. In the former case, the amplitude of the light signal is modulated 6,7 by varying the linear polarzation direction of the incident light passing through a linear polarizer, the same principle used in a standard LC television. In the latter case, the phase delay is accomplished by electrically adjusting the optical refractive index along the light path, which is possible because of the non-zero birefringence of the LC materials in use but should be carefully characterized. [8][9][10][11][12][13] In a phase-only LCOS SLM modulator, no light absorption by polarizers or other light-absorbing components will occur, such that the maximum light efficiency can be expected.Currently, most of the conventional LC devices are not able to efficiently modulate the phase of an incident wavefront. For instance, the LC device structure using thin film transistors is not suitable for phase modulation because an appropriate electro-optic effect has not been used (see the section on 'Twisted nematic (TN) configuration' and the section on 'VAN configuration' for details). Moreover, the pixels of this type of device are too large to provide acceptably large diffraction angles. In addition, the pixel circuitry and connection tracks are in the light path such that the ...

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High-speed holographic optical tweezers using a ferroelectric liquid crystal microdisplay

Cited by 90 publications

References 17 publications

Design strategies for optimizing holographic optical tweezers set-ups

Design strategies for optimizing holographic optical tweezers set-ups

Time fluctuations of the phase modulation in a liquid crystal on silicon display: characterization and effects in diffractive optics

Fundamentals of phase-only liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) devices

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