High serum levels of tumour necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐8 in severe asthma: markers of systemic inflammation?

Abstract

sTNF-alpha and sIL-8 are markers of 'systemic' inflammation in severe asthmatics, in conjunction with augmented circulating neutrophils, suggesting the involvement of neutrophil-derived cytokine pattern in severe asthma.

Serum biomarkers in elderly asthma

“…Although not statistically significant, our results showed that IL-8, and TNF-α median levels were increased in the non-allergic asthmatic group, which is in accordance with the results from previous studies (7,8,15). …”

“…Unfortunately, it was not possible to define a pattern of changes in cytokines levels related to phenotype differences or aging. It is possible to notice a trend for increased levels of severity cytokines, in particular IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α (7,8,15), in non-allergic asthmatic elderly individuals, which suggests that this phenotype of asthma is indeed more severe than its counterpart.…”

“…Furthermore, they compared these results with those of hs-CRP and concluded that IL-6 is more clinically relevant as a marker of systemic inflammation than hs-CRP. Regarding TNF-α, Silvestri et al (2006) and Agache et al (2010) showed contradictory results as serum levels of TNF-α were significantly higher in severe adult asthmatics than in mild/moderate adult asthmatics and healthy adult controls (8,15). Thus, TNF-α may be a possible marker for systemic inflammation in asthma.…”

Useful biomarkers for assessing the adverse health effects of PCBs in allergic children: pediatric molecular epidemiology

“…In study 2, we used specific IgE reactions to food as an adverse health effect and showed that IL-22 expression is particularly useful for detecting the effects of air pollutants, especially PCBs. Study 1: IL-8, a chemokine associated with inflammation, has been reported to be linked to childhood allergies, particularly those involving inflammation of the airways, which can result in wheezing or asthma [26][27][28]. As for the use of IL-8 as a biomarker, IL-8 has already been suggested to be a marker of asthma and/or other inflammatory lung conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by a number of other scientists [29,30].…”

Budesonide increases TLR4 and TLR2 expression in Treg lymphocytes of allergic asthmatics

“…In children the upregulation of TNF-a expression is associated to a more severe course of respiratory syncytial virus infection as well as to the onset of asthma [41]. Furthermore, circulating levels of TNF-a are increased in severe asthmatics more than in mild and moderate asthmatics [42]. Unfortunately, the need to recover millions of cells to perform all the analyses to test BUD effects did not allow us to extend the study to lymphocytes isolated from induced sputum or bronchoalveolar lavages.…”