High-sensitivity detection of Concanavalin A using MoS₂-based field effect transistor biosensor

Abstract

The specific interaction between sugar and lectin plays a key role in various human diseases and projects remarkable significance to the development of a lectin biosensor for diagnosis and drug discovery. An inorganic nano MoS2 field-effect transistor (FET)-based D-Mannose biosensor was developed in this paper using a simple assembly process. First, gold nanoparticles were functionalized on the surface of MoS2. Then, the β-mercaptoethylamine was self-assembled on the gold surface via Au–S bonds to derivatize amino groups. Finally, the probe molecules D-Mannose for biological protein were immobilized on the FET via the Schiff base reaction. Results from scanning electron microscope and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the entire assembly procedure and the feasible interaction of the FET sensor with Concanavalin A (ConA). The fabricated FET biosensors can reliably detect the target ConA with a detection limit below 105 nm. The current study shows the potential of MoS2 FET biosensors for ConA specific detection and clarifies the design of biosensors for the early diagnosis of glycomics and drug screening in medicine.

Review on two-dimensional material-based field-effect transistor biosensors: accomplishments, mechanisms, and perspectives

“…Through the mechanism that the electron density of MoS 2 decreases first and then increases, the target molecule was successfully detected by the threshold voltage response. Ma et al used the threshold voltage as a response signal of N-type MoS 2 FET to detect ConA [ 104 ]. Here, the positive charges carried on ConA increase the electron density of N-type MoS 2 through the gating effect, resulting in the threshold voltage shift.…”

“…Then thiol-modified probes are immobilized on the surface of sensing material by Au–S (Fig. 6 g) [ 104 ] or Pt–S covalent bond. However, this method's shortcoming is that nanoparticles do not completely cover the surface of the sensing material, so single-stranded target nucleic acid molecules are absorbed on the exposed sensing material through π-π stacking.…”

Nanomaterials as Promising Theranostic Tools in Nanomedicine and Their Applications in Clinical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

“…Wen et al [23] designed a new nano-Ag/Au@Au film composite surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate using consecutive layer-on-layer deposition, which rapidly detected creatinine with high sensitivity. Gold NPs were also functionalized on the surface of MoS 2 self-assembled beta-mercaptoethylamine, a potential biosensor for concanavalin A [24]. Furthermore, the conjugation of gold NPs to specific oligonucleotides served as a nanogenosensor, which detected specific diseases such as trichomoniasis [25] and Leptospira interrogans [26].…”

Electrochemical Affinity Sensors Using Field Effect Transducer Devices for Chemical Analysis

“…Back-gated FET structures were prepared. Biomarkers for different diseases were detected with these MoS 2 -based FETs: mental stress [95], cardiovascular disease [96], colonic schistosomiasis [97], prostate cancer [98]. Detection limits in the range of fM were obtained.…”