High‐resolution x‐ray imaging using a structured scintillator

Hormozan, Yashar; Sychugov, Ilya; Linnros, Jan

doi:10.1118/1.4939258

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…16 . The spatial resolution in terms of MTF for the screen is consistent with the experimental result 12 , 13 of the pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screen with same pitch size, array structure and thickness. Furthermore, all spatial resolutions for both screens with square and hexagonal array structures slightly decrease with the increase in thickness.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Simulated performances of pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens with different micro-column shapes and array structures in X-ray imaging

Chen

Liu

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The performances of the pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens based on oxidized silicon micro-pore array templates with different CsI(Tl) micro-column shapes and array structures in X-ray imaging were simulated using the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation code. The shapes of the micro-columns include square, hexagonal and circular, and the array structures include square and hexagonal arrangements. The pitch size of the pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens was set to 4 µm, and the incident X-ray energy was set to 20 keV. The ratios of the number of scintillation photons that propagate along the CsI(Tl) micro-columns to the total number of scintillation photons of the micro-columns gradually decrease with the increase in total reflection time on the lateral surfaces of the micro-columns. However, these ratios are closely related to the shapes of the micro-columns and the incident positions of X-ray on the cross-sections of the micro-columns, especially for the circular micro-column. The sequence of bottom light outputs stimulated by a uniform flood field of X-ray from high to low corresponds to the circular, square and hexagonal CsI(Tl) micro-columns with the same cross-section areas. In addition, all spatial resolutions in terms of modulation transfer functions (MTFs) for the pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens with square and hexagonal array structures are over 100 lp/mm. However, the resolution for the pixelated screen with the hexagonal array structure is approximately 8.5% higher than that for the screen with the square array structure. Moreover, the former screen has a higher detective quantum efficiency (DQE) than the latter screen at the same thickness. The pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screen with circular micro-column and hexagonal array structure in X-ray imaging has superior performance compared to other pixelated screens in this work.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Simulated performances of pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens with different micro-column shapes and array structures in X-ray imaging

Chen

Liu

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…Zinc oxideis a wide band-gap semiconductor compound with broad application prospects, but the intrinsic defects and strong self-absorption effect in ZnO affect its photoelectric and scintillation properties [14,15]. At present, the research hotspots in the world are how to solve the problems of low interaction probability and low luminous efficiency when thin film scintillators detect X-rays and γ-rays [12,13], how to understand the scintillation mechanism, and how to improve the light yield of ZnO-based scintillating materials [3,17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, ZnO is attractive for detecting high-energy rays and particles, such as X-rays, γ-rays, and α-particles with ultrafast response time in the environment with high radiation and high temperature [9,10]. However, the thickness of a thin-film scintillator is usually required to be 1-3 µm [11], which has a very low luminous efficiency and low interaction probability, and it is not conducive to high-energy detection of X-rays and γ-rays [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned above, ZnO:Ga has excellent scintillation properties, and it is attractive as a scintillation crystal for detecting high-energy rays and particles [9]. However, there are some challenges for ZnO:Ga, such as how to solve problems of low interaction probability and low luminous efficiency when thin film scintillators detect X-rays and γ-rays [12,13], how to reduce the self-absorption effect, how to increase its light yield, and how to discover the scintillation mechanism in the visible light region [3,17]. In order to solve the above challenges, the most critical procedure is to prepare large-size ZnO:Ga thin films with high quality and excellent performance, and the choice of preparation methods is also crucial for producing films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetron Sputtering for ZnO:Ga Scintillation Film Production and Its Application Research Status in Nuclear Detection

2019

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As a wide band-gap and direct transition semiconductor material, ZnO has good scintillation performance and strong radiation resistance, but it also has a serious self-absorption phenomenon that affects its light output. After being doped with Ga, it can be used for the scintillator of ultra-fast scintillating detectors to detect X-ray, gamma, neutron, and charged particles with extremely fast response and high light output. Firstly, the basic properties, defects, and scintillation mechanism of ZnO crystals are introduced. Thereafter, magnetron sputtering, one of the most attractive production methods for producing ZnO:Ga film, is introduced including the principle of magnetron sputtering and its technical parameters’ influence on the performance of ZnO:Ga. Finally, ZnO:Ga film’s application research status is presented as a scintillation material in the field of radiation detection, and it is concluded that some problems need to be urgently solved for its wider application.

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“…Thus, among the CsI:Tl inorganic scintillators crystal was elected in our research on the basis of the common favorable characteristics as a scintillator: (a) good mechanical strength, (b) it is slightly hygroscopic and (c) its emission spectrum light coincides with the visible region: it is, therefore, suitable to use of CCD and photodiodes system [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the CsI:Tl Scintillator Crystal for X-Ray Imaging Applications

Pereira¹,

Filho²,

Berretta³

et al. 2018

MSA

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Scintillators are high-density luminescent materials that convert X-rays to visible light. Thallium doped cesium iodide (CsI:Tl) scintillation materials are widely used as converters for X-rays into visible light, with very high conversion efficiency of 64.000 optical photons/MeV. CsI:Tl crystals are commercially available, but, the possibility of developing these crystals into different geometric shapes, meeting the need for coupling the photosensor and reducing cost, makes this material very attractive for scientific research. The objective of this work was to study the feasibility of using radiation sensors, scintillators type, developed for use in imaging systems for X-rays. In this paper, the CsI:Tl scintillator crystal with nominal concentration of the 10 −3 M was grown by the vertical Bridgman technique. The imaging performance of CsI:Tl scintillator was studied as a function of the design type and thickness, since it interferes with the light scattering and, hence, the detection efficiency plus final image resolution. The result of the diffraction X-ray analysis in the grown crystals was consistent with the pattern of a face-centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure. Slices 25 × 2 × 3 mm 3 (length, thickness, height) of the crystal and mini crystals of 1 × 2 × 3 mm 3 (length, thickness, height) were used for comparison in the imaging systems for X-rays. With these crystals scintillators, images of undesirable elements, such as metals in food packaging, were obtained. One-dimensional array of photodiodes and the photosensor CCD (Coupled Charge Device) component were used. In order to determine the ideal thickness of the slices of the scintillator crystal CsI:Tl, Monte Carlo method was used.

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High‐resolution x‐ray imaging using a structured scintillator

Abstract: The presented work successfully shows the functionality of their detector concept for high resolution imaging and further fabrication developments are most likely to result in higher quantum efficiencies.

Cited by 35 publications

References 21 publications

Simulated performances of pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens with different micro-column shapes and array structures in X-ray imaging

Simulated performances of pixelated CsI(Tl) scintillation screens with different micro-column shapes and array structures in X-ray imaging

Magnetron Sputtering for ZnO:Ga Scintillation Film Production and Its Application Research Status in Nuclear Detection

Characteristics of the CsI:Tl Scintillator Crystal for X-Ray Imaging Applications

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