Characteristics of the CsI:Tl Scintillator Crystal for X-Ray Imaging Applications

Abstract

Scintillators are high-density luminescent materials that convert X-rays to visible light. Thallium doped cesium iodide (CsI:Tl) scintillation materials are widely used as converters for X-rays into visible light, with very high conversion efficiency of 64.000 optical photons/MeV. CsI:Tl crystals are commercially available, but, the possibility of developing these crystals into different geometric shapes, meeting the need for coupling the photosensor and reducing cost, makes this material very attractive for scientific research. The objective of this work was to study the feasibility of using radiation sensors, scintillators type, developed for use in imaging systems for X-rays. In this paper, the CsI:Tl scintillator crystal with nominal concentration of the 10 −3 M was grown by the vertical Bridgman technique. The imaging performance of CsI:Tl scintillator was studied as a function of the design type and thickness, since it interferes with the light scattering and, hence, the detection efficiency plus final image resolution. The result of the diffraction X-ray analysis in the grown crystals was consistent with the pattern of a face-centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure. Slices 25 × 2 × 3 mm 3 (length, thickness, height) of the crystal and mini crystals of 1 × 2 × 3 mm 3 (length, thickness, height) were used for comparison in the imaging systems for X-rays. With these crystals scintillators, images of undesirable elements, such as metals in food packaging, were obtained. One-dimensional array of photodiodes and the photosensor CCD (Coupled Charge Device) component were used. In order to determine the ideal thickness of the slices of the scintillator crystal CsI:Tl, Monte Carlo method was used.

Metal Halide Perovskite Nanosheet for X-ray High-Resolution Scintillation Imaging Screens

“…Additionally, the resulting powder scintillator suffers from severe agglomeration, whereas a precisely sliced single crystal is required to be easily incorporated into device architectures. 5,6 An ideal scintillator with a controllable thickness should be solution-processable. Organic dye solutions, such as pterphenyl (C 18 H 14 ), PBD (C 20 H 14 N 2 O), and PPO (C 15 H 11 NO), have been used as scintillators to detect neutrons.…”

STUDY AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEUTRON DETECTORS USING DOPED CsI CRYSTALS

“…Fig. 5 presents the results obtained in the Rx system of images [5,6]. Due to the lack of electric charge, the interaction of the neutron with the atomic electric field is insignificant and, therefore, the interaction of neutrons with the matter occurs, essentially, through the interaction with the nuclei.…”

“…In Fig. 7, measurements taken using the neutron source, a pure CsI crystal and a 6 Li doped crystal are shown. A paraffin block to thermalize the neutrons and a sheet of Cd, to cut the thermal neutrons, were used.…”

“…A paraffin block to thermalize the neutrons and a sheet of Cd, to cut the thermal neutrons, were used. (c) 6 Li doped crystal and a neutron source.…”

“…Figure 7. Results for three different measurement conditions: (a) pure CsI and a neutron source, (b) Li doped crystal covered with paraffin and a Cd foil and a neutron source and(c)6 Li doped crystal and a neutron source.…”