High-resolution neural depth probe with integrated 460 NM light emitting diode for optogenetic applications

Schwaerzle, Michael; Pothof, Frederick; Oliver, Paul; Ruther, Patrick

doi:10.1109/transducers.2015.7181290

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…[514–515] To do so, one must thin the light source and heterogeneously package each component onto a substrate to provide flexibility and insulation. [318, 516] The challenge here is to electrically bond the light source to a substrate, eliminate any voids at the interface, and apply a pin-hole-free conformal coating. [517] In practice, this approach usually fails because of defects at sharp edges and voids at interfaces.…”

Section: 0 Materials Considerations For Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Materials Roadmap to Functional Neural Interface Design

Wellman

Eles

Ludwig

et al. 2017

Adv Funct Materials

298

328

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Advancement in neurotechnologies for electrophysiology, neurochemical sensing, neuromodulation, and optogenetics are revolutionizing scientific understanding of the brain while enabling treatments, cures, and preventative measures for a variety of neurological disorders. The grand challenge in neural interface engineering is to seamlessly integrate the interface between neurobiology and engineered technology, to record from and modulate neurons over chronic timescales. However, the biological inflammatory response to implants, neural degeneration, and long-term material stability diminish the quality of interface overtime. Recent advances in functional materials have been aimed at engineering solutions for chronic neural interfaces. Yet, the development and deployment of neural interfaces designed from novel materials have introduced new challenges that have largely avoided being addressed. Many engineering efforts that solely focus on optimizing individual probe design parameters, such as softness or flexibility, downplay critical multi-dimensional interactions between different physical properties of the device that contribute to overall performance and biocompatibility. Moreover, the use of these new materials present substantial new difficulties that must be addressed before regulatory approval for use in human patients will be achievable. In this review, the interdependence of different electrode components are highlighted to demonstrate the current materials-based challenges facing the field of neural interface engineering.

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Section: 0 Materials Considerations For Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Materials Roadmap to Functional Neural Interface Design

Wellman

Eles

Ludwig

et al. 2017

Adv Funct Materials

298

328

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The thickness of organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) can even be less than 1 μm, which is more suitable for implantation in the brain [ 33 ]. Therefore, we can combine flexible electrode and optical interface to explore long-term optogenetic modulation and multi-mode sensor integration in the future [ 34 , 35 ]. In a word, the method proposed in this paper was an effective and feasible way of optogenetic neuromodulation and simultaneous neural detection, which can be applied to the study of neuroscience mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Optogenetic Modulation with Simultaneous Neural Detection Using Microelectrode Array Integrated with Optical Fiber

Fan

Song

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The detection of neuroelectrophysiology while performing optogenetic modulation can provide more reliable and useful information for neural research. In this study, an optical fiber and a microelectrode array were integrated through hot-melt adhesive bonding, which combined optogenetics and electrophysiological detection technology to achieve neuromodulation and neuronal activity recording. We carried out the experiments on the activation and electrophysiological detection of infected neurons at the depth range of 900–1250 μm in the brain which covers hippocampal CA1 and a part of the upper cortical area, analyzed a possible local inhibition circuit by combining opotogenetic modulation and electrophysiological characteristics and explored the effects of different optical patterns and light powers on the neuromodulation. It was found that optogenetics, combined with neural recording technology, could provide more information and ideas for neural circuit recognition. In this study, the optical stimulation with low frequency and large duty cycle induces more intense neuronal activity and larger light power induced more action potentials of neurons within a certain power range (1.032 mW–1.584 mW). The present study provided an efficient method for the detection and modulation of neurons in vivo and an effective tool to study neural circuit in the brain.

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“…Unfortunately, the large mechanical mismatch between the stiff silicon/sapphire substrates and the surrounding tissue make them prone to a severe foreign body response in vivo [ 35 , 36 ]. µLED probes made with more flexible, polymeric materials, such as SU-8 [ 118 ], polyimide [ 115 , 119 , 120 ] and parylene-C [ 116 ], have been presented. Originally, these flexible probes could not compete with their stiffer counterparts in terms of either scalability or compactness.…”

Section: Neural Tissue Illuminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technological Challenges in the Development of Optogenetic Closed-Loop Therapy Approaches in Epilepsy and Related Network Disorders of the Brain

et al. 2020

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Epilepsy is a chronic, neurological disorder affecting millions of people every year. The current available pharmacological and surgical treatments are lacking in overall efficacy and cause side-effects like cognitive impairment, depression, tremor, abnormal liver and kidney function. In recent years, the application of optogenetic implants have shown promise to target aberrant neuronal circuits in epilepsy with the advantage of both high spatial and temporal resolution and high cell-specificity, a feature that could tackle both the efficacy and side-effect problems in epilepsy treatment. Optrodes consist of electrodes to record local field potentials and an optical component to modulate neurons via activation of opsin expressed by these neurons. The goal of optogenetics in epilepsy is to interrupt seizure activity in its earliest state, providing a so-called closed-loop therapeutic intervention. The chronic implantation in vivo poses specific demands for the engineering of therapeutic optrodes. Enzymatic degradation and glial encapsulation of implants may compromise long-term recording and sufficient illumination of the opsin-expressing neural tissue. Engineering efforts for optimal optrode design have to be directed towards limitation of the foreign body reaction by reducing the implant’s elastic modulus and overall size, while still providing stable long-term recording and large-area illumination, and guaranteeing successful intracerebral implantation. This paper presents an overview of the challenges and recent advances in the field of electrode design, neural-tissue illumination, and neural-probe implantation, with the goal of identifying a suitable candidate to be incorporated in a therapeutic approach for long-term treatment of epilepsy patients.

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High-resolution neural depth probe with integrated 460 NM light emitting diode for optogenetic applications

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

A Materials Roadmap to Functional Neural Interface Design

A Materials Roadmap to Functional Neural Interface Design

In Vivo Optogenetic Modulation with Simultaneous Neural Detection Using Microelectrode Array Integrated with Optical Fiber

Technological Challenges in the Development of Optogenetic Closed-Loop Therapy Approaches in Epilepsy and Related Network Disorders of the Brain

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