High-resolution and color doppler ultrasonography of cervical lymphadenopathy in children

Abstract

Although individual sonographic signs are not specific, the categorization and combination of findings might be highly suggestive of diagnosis of the underlying disease presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy.

Cervical Lymphadenopathy in Childhood Epidemiology and Management

“…The US and the Doppler US findings provide useful information about the size of the nodes, the shape, and the intranodal vascularity. Our study confirms that measurements of the size of lymph node (80% revealed oval shape, with domination of long axis) are crucial criteria for benignity or malignancy [2,11]. The distinction between bacterial, mycobacterial, and cat-scratch disease is not possible merely on the basis of US imaging.…”

Cervical Lymph Node Metastases: Diagnosis at Sonoelastography—Initial Experience

“…In some previous studies, as well as in our current investigation, metastatic lymph nodes often appeared as round lesions, whereas benign nodes are usually flat or oval (23). The presence of a hyperechoic hilum and changes in the internal echogenicity of the nodes are usually considered strong diagnostic criteria for benign lymph nodes (24).…”

Cervical lymphadenopathy in children—Incidence and diagnostic management

“…According to Srouji et al, tenderness, mobility and fluctuating size of the nodes are clinical features associated with reactive lymphadenopathy [7] what is similar with our observations. It is widely accepted that the absence of clinical signs of inflammatory disease, negative laboratory testing and progressive reduction of size on subsequent sonograms over a 6-month period indicate reactive hyperplasia [8]. High-resolution and color Doppler US can provide detailed information regarding the fine echotexture of cervical lymph nodes, identification of nodal shape [9] and direct visualization of intranodal vascularity [10][11][12][13].…”