High resistance to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin in bacteria isolated from poultry farms in Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract

Introduction: Resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline is increasing in the food chain especially in E. coli strains and more worrisome will be occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers among ciprofloxacin-and tetracycline-resistant isolates. This study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence and mechanism of ciprofloxacin-, tetracycline-and ESBL-resistant bacteria in poultry in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methodology: Bacteria were isolated from poultry feces in two farms in Ibadan and identified by MALDI-TOF. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the isolates were determined by disc diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) using Vitek-2 apparatus. Four tetracycline genes and six plasmids mediated quinolone resistance genes (PMQR) were investigated by PCR. Whole genome sequencing was done for strains that were ESBL producers. Results: Bacterial strains (≥ 10 5 cfu/mL) were counted on ciprofloxacin and tetracycline supplemented plates. 106 bacteria from 14 different species were identified with high resistance to quinolones, tetracycline and trimethoprim. 49% of the strains were E. coli with 90% resistance for nalidixic acid, moxifloxacin (94%), ciprofloxacin (88%) levofloxacin (78%) and tetracycline (77%). The genes tetA, tetB, qnrB, qnrS and qepA were detected with 37%, 4%, 35%, 4% and 2% prevalence in E. coli respectively. Three ESBL-producing E. coli of the sequence type ST-6359 were found and harboured blaCTX-M-15 located in the chromosome, at the same insertion site. All the ESBL producers harboured mutations in gyrA (S83L/D87N/D678E) and parC (S80I). Conclusion: The observed high quinolones and tetracycline resistance with ESBL producers in this study calls for caution in the use of these antibiotics in poultry feeds.

Drug- and Multidrug-Resistance Pattern of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Droppings of Healthy Chickens on a Poultry Farm in Southwest Ethiopia

“…This study also revealed that isolates from chicken droppings showed high resistance properties toward ampicillin, augmentin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole followed by cefoxitin and chloramphenicol. The significant proportion of resistance against the above antibiotics was also reported from Bangladesh, 21 Nigeria, 18 , 30 Ethiopia, 20 Vietnam, 31 and China. 25 Moreover, the current study recorded higher resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam.…”

Whole genome sequencing of extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from Nigeria

“…Previously, only a few reports from Nigeria provided draft genome sequence analyses, mainly concerning multidrug-resistant E. coli strains isolated from humans and chicken [52,53]. Whilst three ESBL E. coli poultry isolates belonged to ST6359 [52], the poultry E. coli isolates reported by Sharma et al, were assigned to ST131 and ST162 respectively. The human E. coli isolates were assigned to six different STs which included ST131, ST617, ST542, ST398, ST4143 and ST398 [53].…”

Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Free Range Chicken in Andhra Pradesh

“…Tetracycline resistance of avian pathogens has been reported by several workers (Kolar et al, 2002;Omoya and Ajayi, 2016;Ayandiran et al, 2018). In a similar study conducted by Obeng et al, (2012), 32.6% (63/193) of the E.coli isolates from free range chicken in Australia were phenotypically tetracycline resistant.…”