Drug- and Multidrug-Resistance Pattern of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Droppings of Healthy Chickens on a Poultry Farm in Southwest Ethiopia

Bushen, Atnafu; Tekalign, Eyob; Abayneh, Mengistu

doi:10.2147/idr.s312185

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…(57.5%) and E. coli (34.2) observed in this study could be an indication of their superior adaptability and fitness within the harsh environment of the smallholder poultry production systems. The prevalent rates are comparable to the values previously reported for E. coli (39.0%) [18] and Salmonella spp. (59.5%) [44].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…resistance to antibiotics may change if other conventional veterinary drugs are tested. This is because high resistance to antibiotics such as tetracycline (89.4%), cloxacillin (100.0%), and erythromycin (100.0%) [ 53 ] in Nigeria, amoxycillin (88.4%) in Uganda [ 46 ], and ampicillin (91.7%) in Ethiopia [ 18 ] has been reported in poultry. These observations are consistent with the findings of Nhung [ 54 ] in a comprehensive review where the antibiotic resistance of E. coli and Salmonella spp., among others, were found to vary with the classes and types of antibiotic drugs used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has led to mandated restrictions on the prophylactic use of antibiotics in chicken production in some countries [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Globally, the bacterial isolates from poultry droppings, that have been implicated in antibiotic resistance include Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), Salmonella , Staphylococcus aureus , Campylobacter , and Proteus mirabilis [ 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from Smallholder Poultry Droppings in the Guinea Savanna Zone of Nigeria

et al. 2022

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There is a growing risk of antibiotic resistance (AR) in smallholder poultry (SP). This study, therefore, aimed to investigate AR pattern of bacterial isolates from SP in the Guinea Savanna agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. A total of 120 fresh poultry droppings were aseptically collected, randomly, from two tropically adapted (FUNAAB Alpha and Noiler) and local chickens. The chickens were raised either using ethnoveterinary medicines (n = 60) or antibiotics (n = 60). Bacterial isolates were characterized and analyzed using standard protocols, and appropriate statistical tools. Compared to Pseudomonas spp. (2.5%) and Klebsiella spp. (5.8%), Salmonella spp. (57.5%) and Escherichia coli (34.2%) were the most prevalent (χ2 = 96.67; p < 0.001). Prevalence of bacterial species was significantly (p = 0.024; Odds Ratio = 2.552) influenced by antibiotics usage. All four species were multi-drug resistant. In total, 30% of the isolates had a multiple AR index ≥ 0.2. Bacterial isolates from FUNAAB Alpha (58.0%) and Noiler (44.0%) were highly resistant to quinolones, while isolates from the local chickens (22.6%) were most resistant to aminoglycosides. Bacterial species isolated from FUNAAB Alpha and local chickens exhibited the lowest and highest percentage of AR, respectively. Clustering of isolates with similar antibiogram revealed inter-species dependence with possibility for inter-species gene transfer. These findings provide a background to investigate the metagenomics of local and improved chickens for AR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from Smallholder Poultry Droppings in the Guinea Savanna Zone of Nigeria

et al. 2022

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“…The results of the current study are in line with the findings of Bushen et al (2021) those who reported a high incidence of MDR (52.5%) in healthy chickens taken from Southwest Ethiopian farms. Noor and Poeloengan (2005) suggested that inappropriate use of antibiotics due to misdiagnosis, too harsh treatment, wrong doses, and continuous use of antibiotics as growth promoters are some important causes of multi-drug resistance.…”

Section: Antibiotic Sensitivity Testsupporting

confidence: 91%

Incidence of Multidrug Resistance Escherichia Coli Bacteria in Broiler Chickens in Malang Regency

et al. 2022

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Chicken meat is an important source of protein but the presence of bacterial infections such as colibacillosis is a major concern for the chicken producers. Further, colibacillosis is a major cause of mortality, morbidity, and economic loss for the poultry industry. Various efforts including the use of antibiotics have been carried out to treat colibacillosis. Recently, inappropriate use of antibiotics not only induced antibiotic resistance, but sometimes it might change into multidrug resistance due to a large number of antibiotic uses. This study aimed to identify the incidence of multidrug resistance in broiler chickens on 4 farms of Malang Regency. For this, samples of 40 chicken jejunum swabs that had a history of colibacillosis with clinical symptoms of lethargy, drooping, dwarfism, hair loss, depression, thinness, diarrhea, abdominal swelling, and osteoarthritis were used in this study. Testing begins with a microscopic examination, followed by the isolation of E. coli on Nutrient broth (NB) and Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) media, and finally, antibiotic sensitivity was tested against eight antibiotics namely Gentamicin, Bacitracin, Enrofloxacin, Doxycycline, Oxytetracycline, Erythromycin, Colistin, and Amoxicillin on Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) media. The microscopic observations showed that the chickens had a hemorrhage in the proventriculus and intestines, pericarditis, and fibrinous exudate in the air sacs and heart. Among the tested samples, 72.5% (29 samples) were found positive for E. coli. Further, in case of antibiotic resistance, 100% of E. coli positive samples were found resistant to Erythromycin, Bacitracin, and Amoxicillin, 96.6% to Enrofloxacin, 92.6% to Oxytetracycline, 37.9% to Colistin and Doxycycline, 10.3% to Gentamicin. Results of the study can be concluded that most of the E.coli positive samples have antibiotic resistance and the maximum samples are showing multidrug resistance against four or more antibiotics.

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“…P. mirabilis is inherently resistant to antibiotics, such as nitrofurantoin, polymyxin, and tigecycline [3], often exhibiting multidrug resistance under clinical settings. Previous studies have reported multidrug resistance rates of 19.3-78.13% in P. mirabilis isolated from poultry [4][5][6]. Mobilizable genetic elements (genomic islands (GIs) and Tn7-like transposons) play important roles in the capture and transmission of multidrug resistance genes in P. mirabilis [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Three Novel PmGRI1 Genomic Resistance Islands and One Multidrug Resistant Hybrid Structure of Tn7-like Transposon and PmGRI1 in Proteus mirabilis

Wang

Lei

et al. 2021

Antibiotics

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The widespread use of antibiotics in large-scale livestock production has led to serious antibiotic resistance. Proteus mirabilis is an important pathogenic bacterium on large-scale farms. Chromosomally localized mobilizable genetic elements (genomic islands) and mobile genetic elements (Tn7-like transposons) play an important role in the acquisition and transmission of resistance genes by P. mirabilis. To study the prevalence and resistance characteristics of antibiotic-resistant genomic islands in P. mirabilis of animal origin in China, we performed whole genome sequencing of P. mirabilis isolated from large-scale pig and chicken farms. Three new variants of PmGRI1 (HN31, YN8, and YN9), and a hybrid structure (HN2p) formed by the multidrug-resistant Tn7-like-HN2p transposon and a genomic island PmGRI1-HN2p, were identified from P. mirabilis. All variants underwent homologous recombination mediated by insertion sequence IS26. A genomic rearrangement in the chromosome between the Tn7-like-HN2p transposon and PmGRI1-HN2p occurred in HN2p. The heterozygous structure contained various antimicrobial resistance genes, including three copies of fluoroquinolone resistance gene qnrA1 and 16S rRNA methylase gene rmtB, which are rarely found in P. mirabilis. Our results highlight the structural genetic diversity of genomic islands by characterizing the novel variants of PmGRI1 and enrich the research base of multidrug resistance genomic islands.

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Drug- and Multidrug-Resistance Pattern of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Droppings of Healthy Chickens on a Poultry Farm in Southwest Ethiopia

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from Smallholder Poultry Droppings in the Guinea Savanna Zone of Nigeria

Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from Smallholder Poultry Droppings in the Guinea Savanna Zone of Nigeria

Incidence of Multidrug Resistance Escherichia Coli Bacteria in Broiler Chickens in Malang Regency

Identification of Three Novel PmGRI1 Genomic Resistance Islands and One Multidrug Resistant Hybrid Structure of Tn7-like Transposon and PmGRI1 in Proteus mirabilis

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