2020
DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900611
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High‐Molecular‐Weight Polyampholytes Synthesized via Daylight‐Induced, Initiator‐Free Radical Polymerization of Renewable Itaconic Acid

Abstract: Herein, it is reported for the first time that when mixed with choline chloride, itaconic acid (IA), normally a low‐reactive vinyl monomer, undergoes initiator‐free radical polymerization under normal daylight. Furthermore, the process results in the formation of abnormally high‐molecular‐weight poly(itaconic acid) derivatives with Mw greater than ≈800 000 g mol−1. Detailed 1D/2D NMR studies indicate that the polymers have two types of ionizable moieties, that is, anionic carboxylic and cationic choline ester … Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(10 citation statements)
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“…35,36 Formation of the semi-IPNs comprising poly(IA-co-BAA)/inulin -PIA-BAA/inulin-and poly(IA-co-PETA)/inulin -PIA-PETA/inulinwere proved by ATR-FTIR and solid state 13 C NMR upon extraction of the inert DES components (glycerol and choline chloride), and unreacted monomers with water. The spectra of the semi-IPN in Figure 3A show the typical signals of the carbonyls groups characteristic of pure PIA, as previously reported; 29,37 as well as the bands related with OH and COC typical of inulin. 38 Characteristic bands of PIA include those due to C=O stretching at 1720 cm -1 , CH2 bending at 1430 cm -1 , O-H bending at 1400 cm -1 , and C-O stretching at 1200 cm -1 .…”
Section: Characterization Of Ipnsupporting
confidence: 82%
“…35,36 Formation of the semi-IPNs comprising poly(IA-co-BAA)/inulin -PIA-BAA/inulin-and poly(IA-co-PETA)/inulin -PIA-PETA/inulinwere proved by ATR-FTIR and solid state 13 C NMR upon extraction of the inert DES components (glycerol and choline chloride), and unreacted monomers with water. The spectra of the semi-IPN in Figure 3A show the typical signals of the carbonyls groups characteristic of pure PIA, as previously reported; 29,37 as well as the bands related with OH and COC typical of inulin. 38 Characteristic bands of PIA include those due to C=O stretching at 1720 cm -1 , CH2 bending at 1430 cm -1 , O-H bending at 1400 cm -1 , and C-O stretching at 1200 cm -1 .…”
Section: Characterization Of Ipnsupporting
confidence: 82%
“…This might be due to the lack of ChCl−Gly DES; the steric hindrance of the monomer IA made polymerization very difficult. 28 Interestingly, compared with the preparation time of P(IA1-co-AM1.1)-W hydrogels, the preparation time of P(IA1-co-AM1.1) ionic gels was significantly shortened, which also indicated that the hydrogen bond network in DES had a certain promotion effect on gel formation. 23 Frost Resistance and Stability Analysis of the P(IA-co-AM) Ionic Gel.…”
Section: Design and Synthesis Of The P(ia-co-am) Ionic Gelmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…In addition, the chloride and choline ions in choline chloride (ChCl) DES can generate mobile charges and have high ionic conductivity (glycerin–ChCl DES exhibits 1.05 mS/cm at 20 °C) . Meanwhile, polymerization of IA-based DES results in higher monomer conversion and a higher molecular weight as compared to water . In summary, DES exhibits superior performance over traditional organic solvents or even ionic liquids, in terms of flexible ionic gels.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Higher reactivity toward free-radical ll polymerization, lower reaction temperature, higher molecular weight, and denser crosslinking results from its transformation into a DES as compared with its freeradical polymerization in water. 63,64 Incorporation of polymers and biomacromolecules to DESs Incorporation of polymers and biomacromolecules to a DES to prepare gels is a strategy that is gaining considerable interest because it allows for the straightforward preparation of flexible materials containing DESs without the need for a chemical reaction, such as the polymerization processes described previously.…”
Section: Des Monomers or Polymerization Of Dessmentioning
confidence: 99%