High‐Level Ciprofloxacin‐Resistant <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> Isolates Circulating in Humans and Animals in Incheon, Republic of Korea

Kim, J. S.; Lee, M. Y.; Kim, S. J.; Jeon, Semi; Cha, Injun; Hong, Seonghun; Chung, Gyung Tae; Huh, M.-J.; Kang, Yeon‐Ho; Yoo, Cheon-Kwon

doi:10.1111/zph.12262

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…According to statistics provided by the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency of Korea 7 (accessed on May 2019) over the last 2 years, the antibiotic-resistance rates of poultry-derived C. jejuni against ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline were 97.4, 94.7, and 63.2%, respectively. In addition, almost all C. jejuni isolates from humans and livestock in Korea were resistant to at least one antibiotic (Kim et al, 2016;Chon et al, 2018). However, in this study, the antibiotic-resistance patterns of C. jejuni from wild mice deviated from this pattern.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

The Wild Mouse (Micromys minutus): Reservoir of a Novel Campylobacter jejuni Strain

et al. 2020

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Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common zoonotic pathogens worldwide. Although the main sources of human C. jejuni infection are livestock, wildlife can also affect C. jejuni transmission in humans. However, it remains unclear whether wild mice harbor C. jejuni and are involved in the "environment-wildlife-livestock-human" transmission cycle of C. jejuni in humans. Here, we characterized C. jejuni from wild mice and identified genetic traces of wild mouse-derived C. jejuni in other hosts using a traditional approach, along with comparative genomics. We captured 115 wild mice (49 Mus musculus and 66 Micromys minutus) without any clinical symptoms from 22 sesame fields in Korea over 2 years. Among them, M. minutus were typically caught in remote areas of human houses and C. jejuni was solely isolated from M. minutus (42/66, 63.6%). We identified a single clone (MLST ST-8388) in all 42 C. jejuni isolates, which had not been previously reported, and all isolates had the same virulence/survival-factor profile, except for the plasmid-mediated virB11 gene. No isolates exhibited antibiotic resistance, either in phenotypic and genetic terms. Comparative-genomic analysis and MST revealed that C. jejuni derived from M. minutus (strain SCJK2) was not genetically related to those derived from other sources (registered in the NCBI genome database and PubMLST database). Therefore, we hypothesize that C. jejuni from M. minutus is a normal component of the gut flora following adaptation to the gastro-intestinal tract. Furthermore, M. minutus-derived C. jejuni had different ancestral lineages from those derived from other sources, and there was a low chance of C. jejuni transmission from M. minutus to humans/livestock because of their habitat. In conclusion, M. minutus may be a potential reservoir for a novel C. jejuni, which is genetically different from those of other sources, but may not be involved in the transmission of C. jejuni to other hosts, including humans and livestock. This study could form the basis for further studies focused on understanding the transmission cycle of C. jejuni, as well as other zoonotic pathogens originating from wild mice.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

The Wild Mouse (Micromys minutus): Reservoir of a Novel Campylobacter jejuni Strain

et al. 2020

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“…The high rate of fluoroquinolone resistance among C. jejuni chicken isolates reported in a recent study in Turkey may reflect the over-use of the antibiotic in animal husbandry, which may be responsible for the high rate of resistance among human strains detected in the present study (27). Likewise, high rate of resistance was reported from various European countries such as Portugal, Estonia, Lithuania, Italy, and Spain (28) and from countries in Asia including Korea (29), China (30), and India (31). On the other hand, the rate of resistance was reported to be low in Australia (32) and Sweden (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Molecular and phenotypical investigation of ciprofloxacin resistance among Campylobacter jejuni strains of human origin: high prevalence of resistance in Turkey

İlktaç

Öngen

Humphrey

et al. 2019

APMIS

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Campylobacteriosis is one of the most frequently reported zoonoses worldwide. The well‐documented increase in the ciprofloxacin resistance has increased the importance of rapid detection of the resistance. The incidence of ciprofloxacin resistance was investigated using real‐time PCR. Identification of one hundred and fifty‐eight strains was performed by PCR. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin was determined by Epsilometer test. Following the confirmation of the efficiencies of singleplex real‐time PCR methods using two different probes, a cytosine to thymine point mutation at codon 86 was detected by allelic discrimination. Of the 158 strains, 114 (72.2%) were determined to be resistant to ciprofloxacin. The MIC50 and the MIC90 of ciprofloxacin were found to be 8 and ≥32 mg/L, respectively. By real‐time PCR, the presence of the mutation was confirmed in all, but one, resistant strains and the absence of the mutation was demonstrated in all, but one, susceptible strains. The rate of resistance is high among C. jejuni strains and ciprofloxacin should not be used in the treatment of such infections in Turkey. A cytosine to thymine mutation is the most frequently detected mechanism for the resistance. Real‐time PCR can be used for the quick screening of the resistance.

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“…Several strains were negative for the wlaN gene responsible for the production of β-1,3 galactosyltransferase involved in cell wall synthesis (only 15.2% positive isolates) but the absence of this marker has been previously observed (Datta et al, 2003 ; Talukder et al, 2008 ; Koolman et al, 2015 ). On the other hand, Kim et al ( 2016 ) identified the wlaN gene among 100% of 63 human and in 78.6% of 42 animal C. jejuni isolated tested in Korea. The product of the wlaN gene shows ganglioside mimicking structures and thus may be involved in developing of Guillain–Barre' syndrome after C. jejuni infection (Thakur et al, 2010 ; Kim et al, 2016 ; Lapierre et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, Kim et al ( 2016 ) identified the wlaN gene among 100% of 63 human and in 78.6% of 42 animal C. jejuni isolated tested in Korea. The product of the wlaN gene shows ganglioside mimicking structures and thus may be involved in developing of Guillain–Barre' syndrome after C. jejuni infection (Thakur et al, 2010 ; Kim et al, 2016 ; Lapierre et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence-Associated Traits of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated From Poultry Food Chain and Humans With Diarrhea

Wieczorek¹,

Wołkowicz²,

Osek³

2018

Front. Microbiol.

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The objective of this study was to test the prevalence of virulence-associated markers and antimicrobial resistance in 624 C. jejuni isolated from poultry food chain, i. e., chicken feces (n = 160), poultry carcasses (n = 157), poultry meat (n = 152) and from humans (n = 155). All human strains were positive for 9 out of 13 putative virulence genes responsible for expression of pathogenic factors involved in different stages of the infection. The presence of all markers was also high in strains from chicken feces, carcasses and meat although not all of them were identified in 100% of the isolates. On the other hand, the virB11, wlaN, and iam putative pathogenic genes were detected in only 1.9, 15.2, and 20.5% of strains, respectively. C. jejuni isolates, irrespective of the origin, were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (92.5% isolates), followed by nalidixic acid (88.9%) and tetracycline (68.4%). In case of ciprofloxacin, significantly more isolates from poultry feces, carcasses and meat were resistant than those obtained from humans and the same relationship was observed for tetracycline where the isolates from chicken feces were more often resistant than C. jejuni of carcasses and meat origin. A low number of strains was resistant to streptomycin (18.4% isolates) and only 5 strains (0.8%) displayed resistance to erythromycin. A relationship between resistance to fluoroquinolones and presence of selected pathogenic markers was observed, e.g., from 83.3% strains with the virB11 to 93.4% with the docA genes were resistant to ciprofloxacin. The isolates that did not possess any of the pathogenic traits were also mainly resistant to this antimicrobial, although the number of such strains was usually low, except virB11 (612 isolates), wlaN (529 strains), and iam (496 isolates). Furthermore, resistance to tetracycline was somehow associated with the presence of the virulence associated genes wlaN and virB11 (56.8 and 75.0% isolates, respectively). The present study shows a high antimicrobial resistance to quinolones and tetracycline of C. jejuni isolated along poultry food chain and from patients with diarrhea, which was closely correlated with the presence of several virulence genes playing a role in the pathogenesis of Campylobacter infection.

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High‐Level Ciprofloxacin‐Resistant Campylobacter jejuni Isolates Circulating in Humans and Animals in Incheon, Republic of Korea

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

The Wild Mouse (Micromys minutus): Reservoir of a Novel Campylobacter jejuni Strain

The Wild Mouse (Micromys minutus): Reservoir of a Novel Campylobacter jejuni Strain

Molecular and phenotypical investigation of ciprofloxacin resistance among Campylobacter jejuni strains of human origin: high prevalence of resistance in Turkey

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence-Associated Traits of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated From Poultry Food Chain and Humans With Diarrhea

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