High-Intensity Interval Training in Patients with Substance Use Disorder

Flemmen, Grete; Unhjem, Runar; Wang, Eivind

doi:10.1155/2014/616935

Cited by 56 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…Recent work has expanded this investigation to include withdrawal symptoms/craving for other drugs of abuse (9,18–20), and feasibility for relapse prevention for other substance use disorders (21–33). …”

Section: Overview Of Clinical Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise as a Sex-Specific Treatment for Substance Use Disorder

et al. 2017

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Purpose of Review Exercise is a promising treatment for substance use disorder that may reduce withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse. In this review, we discuss recent evidence from clinical and preclinical studies for its efficacy, from a behavioral to a molecular level, in order to understand the exercise conditions that lead to beneficial effects. We also highlight the few recent findings of sex-specific differences. Recent Findings Clinical and preclinical findings show that exercise decreases withdrawal symptoms, including craving, in both males and females. Evidence from clinical studies support the efficacy of exercise to prevent relapse to smoking, although further research is needed to examine sex differences, establish long-term efficacy, and to determine if effects extend to other substance use disorders. Preclinical findings also support the potential utility of exercise to prevent relapse with evidence suggesting that its efficacy is enhanced in males, and mediated by blocking drug-induced adaptations that occur during early abstinence. Summary Sex differences and timing of exercise availability during abstinence should be considered in future studies examining exercise as an intervention for relapse. A better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the efficacy of exercise to reduce withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse is needed to guide its development as a sex-specific treatment.

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Section: Overview Of Clinical Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise as a Sex-Specific Treatment for Substance Use Disorder

et al. 2017

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“…The etiology of the health problems is certainly multifactorial, but there are indications that impairment of skeletal muscle and bone may be important contributors. Previously, we and others have shown that amphetamine users have impaired physical function and muscular strength [5,6], likely due to a lamentable lifestyle with little physical activity. Reduced muscle function is typically accompanied by attenuated bone health [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Impaired skeletal health and neuromuscular function among amphetamine users in clinical treatment

et al. 2015

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“…Previous research into HIIT for adults with mental illness has focused on patients with a particular diagnosis (e.g. schizophrenia, depression, substance use) [296][297][298][299] . Understanding the feasibility and acceptability of different exercise approaches for heterogeneous patient groups may guide the implementation of exercise programs in mental health services, where patient groups are likely to be diverse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preliminary evidence suggests that HIIT is a feasible exercise protocol for adults with mental illness. Mean attendance rates have ranged from 68%-92%, and attrition has ranged from 10%-36% 296,297,299,300 . Common reasons for withdrawal have been due to pain or physical discomfort from the exercise 296,300 , and lacking motivation 300 , however, no studies have compared the feasibility of HIIT and MICT.…”

Section: Objective 5: To Assess the Utility Of Two Different Kinds Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two controlled trials with inpatients with schizophrenia 296 , or substance use disorder 297 , reported that 8-weeks of HIIT for three sessions/week, using a 4x4 minute interval protocol, significantly improved fitness, but not mental illness symptoms. One study on the acute effects of HIIT, reported that adults with depression or schizophrenia experienced improved mental health for up to 3-hours after a single session of 4x4 minute intervals 298 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring and positively influencing physical activity and sedentary behaviour in adults with mental illness

Chapman¹

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Background: Mental illness has a high global prevalence, and is associated with higher risk of chronic physical conditions, and reduced psychosocial functioning and life expectancy. Physical activity (PA) protects against chronic disease and mortality risk, and reduces depression and anxiety. Prolonged sedentary behaviour (SB) can have deleterious metabolic consequences, and may be associated with poor mental health.Accurate measurement of PA and SB is important for assessing health risk, and evaluating behaviour change interventions. Objective measures (e.g. accelerometers) allow for unbiased measurement, but do not assess the context of participation, which may be important for intervention planning. Questionnaires can assess context, however, they are prone to reporting errors. The feasibility of using these measures, and the impact of standard data management procedures, has not been assessed in adults with mental illness.PA interventions may positively influence PA levels of adults with mental illness. It is important to understand PA attitudes when designing interventions, as well as the acceptability and efficacy of different exercise approaches. Aims and objectives:The overarching aim of this PhD was to measure, understand, and positively influence the PA patterns of non-institutionalised adults with mental illness. Specific objectives were to: i) assess the utility of questionnaires and accelerometers for measuring PA and SB; ii) investigate questionnaire and accelerometer data management procedures; iii) measure PA and SB levels; iv) assess PA attitudes and opinions; and v) assess the feasibility and acceptability of two exercise protocols. Data from two research studies are presented in six thesis chapters. Study 1Design: Cross-sectional.Method: Participants were adult clients of mental health services. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires on the time spent in PA and SB in different contexts, wore an ActiGraph GT3x+ accelerometer on the hip for 7-days, and rated the ease/difficulty of completing the questionnaires and accelerometry. Participants also completed self-administered questionnaires on PA attitudes and opinions.Results: 142 participants completed the questionnaires (mean age=40yrs, female=43%); of these, 99 (70%) completed the accelerometry (mean age=40yrs, female=47%).ii Participants found it easier to report PA than SB, and to complete accelerometry than questionnaires. Defining a valid day of accelerometry using standard absolute criteria biased the sample by excluding participants with short waking hours; defining a valid day relative to waking hours prevented this bias. The median self-reported time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and SB was 4.5 hours/week and 10.7 hours/day respectively. Walking for transport, and sitting to watch TV, contributed most to these self-report estimates. The median accelerometer-derived time spent in MVPA and SB was 26 minutes/day and 9.2 hours/day respectively; 7% of MVPA time was in bouts of 10 minutes or ...

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High-Intensity Interval Training in Patients with Substance Use Disorder

Cited by 56 publications

References 50 publications

Exercise as a Sex-Specific Treatment for Substance Use Disorder

Exercise as a Sex-Specific Treatment for Substance Use Disorder

Impaired skeletal health and neuromuscular function among amphetamine users in clinical treatment

Measuring and positively influencing physical activity and sedentary behaviour in adults with mental illness

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