High fluence laser damage precursors and their mitigation in fused silica

Bude, J.; Miller, Philip E.; Baxamusa, Salmaan H.; Shen, Nan; Laurence, Ted A.; Steele, William A.; Suratwala, Tayyab; Wong, Lana L.; Carr, W.; Cross, David A.; Monticelli, Marcus V.

doi:10.1364/oe.22.005839

Cited by 169 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…A lot of work on investigating the mechanisms of laser damage in fused silica has been performed [2][3][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Based on these work, a few theoretical models have been tentatively developed to explain the laser-induced damage process in fused silica [18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situinvestigation of damage processes on fused silica induced by a pulsed 355nm laser with high repetition rate

Chen¹,

Dong²,

Wu³

2015

SPIE Proceedings

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Pulsed lasers with high repetition rate have attracted more and more attention in recent years, due to the increased demand in many fields, including industrial applications such as laser processing and micromachining. However, the damage thresholds of optics exposed to high repetitive laser pulses, especially at the 355 nm wavelength, remain a major concern. Previous work about laser damage in optics was performed mainly by using pulsed lasers with 1-on-1 test or Non-1test but with very low pulse repetition rate (for example, from several Hz to hundreds of Hz). The results obtained, however, cannot be directly extended to analyze and understand the damage processes induced by high repetitive laser pulses. In this paper, we present our recent progress on investigation of damage processes on fused silica induced by a pulsed 355 nm laser with high repetition rate. By using a system based on photothermal effect, we have realized in-situ monitoring of laser-material-interaction dynamics through measuring the laser-induced absorption evolution. The results demonstrate that the initiation of laser-induced damage process occur far before any physical damage observable using high-resolution optical microscopes. The damage processes typically are long term accumulation effects of laser-induced increase in absorption, that itself is depending on both the irradiation fluence and repetition rate. The photothermally measured results are also compared with results obtained by using light scattering technique. The results show that such a photothermal technique is a very useful tool for in-situ studies of the damage process induced by high repetitive laser pulses at 355 nm wavelength.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situinvestigation of damage processes on fused silica induced by a pulsed 355nm laser with high repetition rate

Chen¹,

Dong²,

Wu³

2015

SPIE Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It results in a variety of ionic species that can lead to optical damage. 17 These precursors are also good candidates in the case of IR irradiations. In vacuum environment, the correlation between more reactive absorbers and higher damage densities is theoretically studied (subsurface fractures may be affected due to the stress; chemical modifications may also affect the defect absorptivity, etc.).…”

Section: Gwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between laser-induced damage densities of fused silica and average incubation fluences at 1064 nm in the nanosecond regime

Lamaignère

Díaz

Chambonneau

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Physics

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Correlation between laser-induced damage densities of fused silica and average incubation fluences at 1064 nm in the nanosecond regime The chronology of the physical processes involved in the nanosecond laser damage of fused silica is investigated at 1064 nm. From experiments realized with multiple longitudinal mode pulses, the correspondence between ring pattern damage morphology and the corresponding intensity profile allows the distinction of two damage phases: an incubation phase followed by a damage expansion phase that leads to the final damage diameter. It allows us to determine both the incubation and the expansion fluences. These results are compared to damage density measurements for different laser configurations, different optics, and different environments. It was found that damage densities were as high as incubation fluences were low. This approach shows a deterministic part of laser damage in nanosecond regime and contributes to reinforce the statistical results by reducing their random nature and is more able to guide the physical interpretations of laser damage experiments.Published by AIP Publishing.[http://dx

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“…In recent decades quality of finishes on SiO2 optics has improved to the point where damage on the largest of such optics approaches the exception, rather than the norm [5][6][7] . Because individual sites are now relatively rare, it becomes extremely important to understand how each damage site will evolve over time [8][9][10][11][12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The stochastic nature of growth of laser-induced damage

Carr

Cross

Liao

et al. 2015

Pacific Rim Laser Damage 2015: Optical Materials for High-Power Lasers

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Laser fluence and operational tempo of ICF systems operating in the UV are typically limited by the growth of laserinduced damage on their final optics (primarily silica optics). In the early 2000 time frame, studies of laser damage growth with relevant large area beams revealed that for some laser conditions damage sites located on the exit surface of a fused silica optic grew following an exponential growth rule: D(n) = D0 exp (n α(φ)), where D is final site diameter, D0 is the initial diameter of the site, φ is the laser fluence, α(φ) is the growth coefficient, and n is the number of exposures. In general α is a linear function of φ, with a threshold of φTH. In recent years, it has been found that that growth behavior is actually considerably more complex. For example, it was found that α is not a constant for a given fluence but follows a probability distribution with a mean equal to α(φ). This is complicated by observations that these distributions are actually functions of the pulse shape, damage site size, and initial morphology of damage initiation. In addition, there is not a fixed fluence threshold for damage sites growth, which is better described by a probability of growth which depends on site size, morphology and laser fluence. Here will review these findings and discuss implications for the operation of large laser systems.

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High fluence laser damage precursors and their mitigation in fused silica

Cited by 169 publications

References 30 publications

In-situinvestigation of damage processes on fused silica induced by a pulsed 355nm laser with high repetition rate

In-situinvestigation of damage processes on fused silica induced by a pulsed 355nm laser with high repetition rate

Correlation between laser-induced damage densities of fused silica and average incubation fluences at 1064 nm in the nanosecond regime

The stochastic nature of growth of laser-induced damage

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