High-flowrate, compact electroosmotic pumps with porous polymer track-etch membranes

Kwon, Kilsung; Park, Chulwoo; Kim, Daejoong

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2011.12.050

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The electroosmotic mobility µ eo was estimated by linear regression of flow velocity versus the mean applied potential, resulting in µ eo = (3.86 ± 0.22) × 10 −10 m 2 /V s, similar to what has been measured during previous characterization of the membrane-based pumping setup (Bengtsson and Robinson 2017). This value corresponds to (Haynes et al 2015) and the relative dielectric constant ε r = 80 (Kirby 2010;Nörtemann et al 1997). We estimate (but did not measure) a maximum hydrostatic pressure (at zero flow) to be approximately 100 mm H 2 O per V of applied potential based on our previous pump characterization (Bengtsson and Robinson 2017) with a similar pump membrane that had double the pore diameter and a maximum pressure of 25 mmH 2 O/V.…”

Section: Design and Performance Of The Electroosmotic Pumpsupporting

confidence: 62%

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A clip-on electroosmotic pump for oscillating flow in microfluidic cell culture devices

Bengtsson

Christoffersson

Mandenius

et al. 2018

Microfluid Nanofluid

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Recent advances in microfluidic devices put a high demand on small, robust and reliable pumps suitable for high-throughput applications. Here we demonstrate a compact, low-cost, directly attachable (clip-on) electroosmotic pump that couples with standard Luer connectors on a microfluidic device. The pump is easy to make and consists of a porous polycarbonate membrane and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) electrodes. The soft electrode and membrane materials make it possible to incorporate the pump into a standard syringe filter holder, which in turn can be attached to commercial chips. The pump is less than half the size of the microscope slide used for many commercial lab-on-a-chip devices, meaning that these pumps can be used to control fluid flow in individual reactors in highly parallelized chemistry and biology experiments. Flow rates at various electric current and device dimensions are reported. We demonstrate the feasibility and safety of the pump for biological experiments by exposing endothelial cells to oscillating shear stress (up to 5 dyn/cm 2 ) and by controlling the movement of both micro-and macroparticles, generating steady or oscillatory flow rates up to ± 400 μL/min.

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Section: Design and Performance Of The Electroosmotic Pumpsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Electroosmotic pumps (EOPs) operate on the principle of electroosmosis, which generates liquid flow through microfluidic channels when an electric field is applied along the channel (Kirby 2010). Electroosmosis is driven by the motion of ions that congregate at the interface between the liquid and the (chemically) charged channel walls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A clip-on electroosmotic pump for oscillating flow in microfluidic cell culture devices

Bengtsson

Christoffersson

Mandenius

et al. 2018

Microfluid Nanofluid

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“…Figure 5 shows the mass flux (calculated per unit membrane area) and the volumetric flow rate versus applied potential as well as the average of the current density measured for each applied potential. The maximum mass flux was measured to be 28 mg min −1 cm −2 , using 1 mM NaCl at 5 V. Similarly arranged measurements using other brands of track-etched polycarbonate membranes are reported to have flow rates (normalized by total cross-sectional pore area) up to 120 µl min −1 cm −2 per volt of applied potential, pumping deionized water (Kwon et al 2012;Wang et al 2012). For our membrane, we estimate a corresponding maximum normalized volumetric flow rate of 50 µl min −1 cm −2 per V of applied potential for 1 mM NaCl, pH 5.6, similar to that reported for a polycarbonate membrane in 1 mM borate buffer at pH 9 (Kwon et al 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The sub-mm thickness of these membranes results in a strong electric field (range 100-250 kV m −1 ), even when small potentials (2-5 V) are applied, resulting in significant flow even at potentials that are small enough to be supplied by, for example, standard AA batteries and used safely in consumer products. Several groups have previously shown that membranes of polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and nylon can be incorporated in EOPs (Kwon et al 2012;Wang et al 2012;Wu et al 2016). PC membranes reportedly generate volumetric flow rates up to 120 µl min −1 per cm 2 of membrane area and V of applied potential (Eidsnes et al 2004;Kwon et al 2012; (…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several groups have previously shown that membranes of polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and nylon can be incorporated in EOPs (Kwon et al 2012;Wang et al 2012;Wu et al 2016). PC membranes reportedly generate volumetric flow rates up to 120 µl min −1 per cm 2 of membrane area and V of applied potential (Eidsnes et al 2004;Kwon et al 2012; (…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A large-area, all-plastic, flexible electroosmotic pump

Bengtsson

Robinson

2017

Microfluid Nanofluid

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A large-area, fabric-like pump would potentially have applications, for example, in controlling water transport through a garment, such as a rain jacket, regardless of the external temperature and humidity. This paper presents an all-plastic, flexible electroosmotic pump, constructed from commercially available materials: A polycarbonate membrane combined with the electrochemically active polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate that actively transports water using an electric potential that can be supplied by a small battery. By using electrochemically active polymer electrodes instead of metal electrodes, the electrochemical reaction that drives flow avoids the oxygen and hydrogen gas production or pH changes associated with water electrolysis. We observe a water mass flux up to 23 mg min −1 per cm 2 polycarbonate membrane (porosity 10-15%), at an applied potential of 5 V, and a limiting operating pressure of 0.3 kPa V −1 , similar to previously reported membrane-based electroosmotic pumps.

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Electric‐field‐enhanced selective separation of products of an enzymatic reaction in a membrane micro‐contactor

Romanov

Slouka

Přibyl

2020

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Processes employed in separations of products of enzyme reactions are often driven by diffusion, and their efficiency can be limited. Here, we exploit the effect of a direct current (DC) electric field that intensifies mass transfer through a semipermeable membrane for fast, continuous, and selective separation of electrically charged molecules. Specifically, we separate low‐molecular‐weight reaction products (phenylacetic acid, 6‐aminopenicillanic acid) from the original reaction mixture containing a free enzyme (penicillin acylase). The developed microfluidic dialysis‐membrane contactor allows a stable counter‐current arrangement of the retentate and permeates liquid streams on which DC electric field is perpendicularly applied. The applied electric field significantly accelerates the transport of electrically charged products through the semipermeable membrane yielding high separation efficiencies at short residence times. The residence time of 5 min is sufficient to reach 100% separation yield in the electric field. The same residence time provides only a 50% yield in the diffusion‐controlled experiments. We experimentally demonstrated that a combined microreactor–microextractor with a recycle of the soluble penicillin acylase can continuously produce both the reaction products at high concentrations. The developed membrane‐contactor is a versatile platform allowing to tune its characteristics, such as selectivity given by the membrane, or the type of the retentate phase, for a specific application.

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High-flowrate, compact electroosmotic pumps with porous polymer track-etch membranes

Cited by 24 publications

References 43 publications

A clip-on electroosmotic pump for oscillating flow in microfluidic cell culture devices

A clip-on electroosmotic pump for oscillating flow in microfluidic cell culture devices

A large-area, all-plastic, flexible electroosmotic pump

Electric‐field‐enhanced selective separation of products of an enzymatic reaction in a membrane micro‐contactor

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