High Flow AV Malformation (A-V Shunt) of Mandible: A Rare Life Threatening Entity

Abstract

A 4-years-old female patient reported to the Department of Oral Surgery with a complaint of swelling of lower jaw bone since three years and intermittent episodes of blood discharge from the mouth since three years.

Atypical slow-flow paramedian AVM with venous varix

“…A venous varix is a benign, usually asymptomatic lesion; however, when it becomes symptomatic, it is suggested to carry a higher risk of AVM rupture. [3][4][5][7][8][9][10][12][13][14] AVMs are divided into high-flow and slow-flow subtypes according to the blood flow rate. A high-flow AVM differs from the slow-flow subtype by producing structural fluctuations in the feeding and draining vessels, resulting in arterial smooth muscle hyperplasia, fibroblasts, and "fibromuscular cushions. "…”

“…Potential evidence of slow-flow AVMs includes the presence of hemorrhage or, in some cases, calcifications. [ 4 , 9 ] The management of high-flow AVMs includes either embolization using the Onyx alone or by surgical resection following embolization. While the treatment options for slow-flow AVMs differ, as they consist of conservative measures for asymptomatic cases, laser therapy, and sclerotherapy.…”

Peculiarities of diagnostics, treatment, and rehabilitation of the patients presenting with primary arteriovenous malformations of the jaws

“…Вопросы диагностики и лечения первичных артериовенозных мальформаций (АВМ) нижней и верхней челюсти изучены мало, что обусловлено редкой встречаемостью патологии [1,2]. Клинические проявления первичного и вторичного поражения челюстных костей сосудистыми мальформациями различны, что отражается на выборе не только тактики обследования, но и метода и объема хирургического лечения.…”