Heterocontrole da fluoretação da água de abastecimento público em cidades do estado de Goiás, Brasil

Abstract

The addition of fluoride to the public water supply is a method used for reducing tooth decay. In this sense, the control of fluoridation is important for maintaining its efficiency and, at the same time, for avoiding the risk of fluorosis as a result of the consumption of water with excess of fluoride. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of fluoride levels in the water distributed to populations of the state of Goiás, Brazil. Towards this aim, 5,039 water samples collected between 2011 and 2013 in 225 municipalities of the state of Goiás were analyzed for fluoride level. The results were assessed with regard to season, type of water source and geographic location. Fluoride levels were found to vary between complete absence and 2.5 mg F/L, with 28.2% of the samples being between 0.6 and 0.8 mg F/L, and 39.1% between 0.55 and 0.84 mg F/L. The rainy season produced a greater number of atypical results and higher values than the dry period. The systems supplied by groundwater sources were shown to have a limited control of fluoride concentration compared to systems supplied by surface water sources. Lower concentrations of fluoride were found in samples collected in the North and East Mesoregions of Goiás, with less than 7.5% being between 0.6 and 0.8 mg F/L, which systems are mainly supplied by groundwater sources with fluoride addition. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License BY CC

Surveillance of public water supply fluoridation and municipal indicators: an analysis in the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil

“…Among the samples in noncompliance with the ideal standard, most of them were below the fluoride dosage suitable for the state of ES. The prevalence of samples with concentrations below those recommended by the current legislation and by CECOL was also identified in other studies (Brito et al, 2016;Scalize et al 2018). In view of the precarious access of a large part of the population to other preventive methods and dental treatment, which is still present today, the absence or insufficient levels of fluoride in public water supply directly affect low-income populations (Alves et al, 2012).…”

“…Moreover, depending on the extent of the water supply system, it can reduce social inequality in access to fluoride and benefit the entire population, especially the most vulnerable (Slade et al, 2018;Spencer et al, 2018). Despite the control by the sanitation companies, some studies reinforce that the wide variation in fluoride levels in public water supply fluoridation, the relationship between inadequate levels and the interruption of the process and the rate of dental fluorosis, showing that it is necessary to implement surveillance systems by public institutions (Frazão et al, 2013;Scalize et al, 2018).…”

Qualidade da água para consumo humano no Brasil: revisão integrativa da literatura

“…O fato de a maioria das pesquisas ter sido no estado de São Paulo decorre, provavelmente, da densidade populacional, falta de segurança e controle 36 na qualidade da água que permanece em algumas regiões do estado 38 , consequência da falta de tratamento e por ter sido o estado precursor das questões legais relacionadas a potabilidade da água 31,41 . últimos anos avanços quanto a canalização da água distribuída 8,9,14 , houve um incremento no número de pesquisas que abordou a qualidade da água a partir de 2015, a maioria de abordagem quantitativa, e que analisou os parâmetros legais 21,22,24,26,27,28,33,34,35,36,37,39,40,41 .…”

“…Constatou-se a precariedade dos serviços de saneamento básico. Em relação aos dados contidos na Tabela 3, destacam-se, dentre as substâncias químicas analisadas: o fluoreto, presente em oito estudos 30,31,33,35,36,39,40,41 , o parâmetro microbiológico, analisado em seis 32,34,36,37,38,41 , seguido da turbidez em cinco estudos 32,33,36,37,41 .…”

Análise Da Fluoretação Da Água De Abastecimento Público Do Município De Goiânia: Relevância Socioambiental

“…É fato que diversos estudos apontam para o crescimento da aplicação do método de fluoretação das águas, porém, mesmo com os avanços, pesquisas mostram que o Centro-Oeste brasileiro apresenta um índice alarmante de cárie dentária na dentição permanente, sendo 73% das crianças de 12 anos e 90% dos adolescentes de 15 a 19 acometidos pela doença. É preciso então chegar às causas, se o problema está na falta de higiene pessoal ou se há falha no processo de fluoretação nas Estações de Tratamento de Água (ETAs) 4 . O presente trabalho visou através da coleta e análise de amostras de duas das três unidades de tratamento de água (ETAs) da cidade de Goiânia, avaliar o estado da fluoretação da água de abastecimento público em confronto com a legislação vigente.…”