Hesperidin, an antioxidant flavonoid, prevents acrylonitrile‐induced oxidative stress in rat brain

Abstract

Acrylonitrile (ACN) is a volatile, toxic liquid used as a monomer in the manufacture of synthetic rubber, styrene plastics, acrylic fiber, and adhesives. ACN is a potent neurotoxin. A role for free radical mediated lipid peroxidation in the toxicity of ACN has been suggested. We examined the ability of hesperidin, an antioxidant flavonoid, to attenuate ACN-induced alterations in lipid peroxidation in rat brains. The daily oral administration of ACN to male albino rats in a dose of 50 mg/kg bwt for a period of 28 days produced a significant elevation in brain lipid peroxides measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) amounting to 107%, accompanied by a marked decrease in brain-reduced glutathione (GSH) content reaching 63%. In addition, ACN administration resulted in significant reductions in the enzymatic antioxidant parameters of brain; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) recording 43%, 64%, 52%, and 43%, respectively. On the other hand, pretreatment with hesperidin and its coadministration with ACN once daily in a dose of 200 mg/kg bwt i.p. for 28 days ameliorated ACN-induced alterations in brain lipid peroxidation. These results suggest that hesperidin may have a beneficial role against ACN-induced oxidative stress in the brain; an effect that is mainly attributed to the antioxidant property of hesperidin.

A comparative study on the antioxidant effects of hesperidin and ellagic acid against skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury

“…It has reported that HES treatment increased SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities and reduced the tissue damage caused by oxidative stress-induced ischemia and I/R 75 . It was suggested that HES has positive effects on SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities and has protective effects against oxidative stress in rat brain 76 . In another study, it has been demonstrated that EA enhanced increased tissue SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities 77 .…”

Hesperidin attenuates brain biochemical changes of irradiated rats

“…It has been shown to off er neuroprotection (Heff ner and Repine 1989), to improve oxidative stress in carbon tetrachloride-treated rats (Tirkey et al 2005), to control pathophysiological disturbances of brain excitability in drug abuse, migraine and epilepsy (Dimpfel 2006) and to protect against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury-induced alterations (Gaur et al 2011). Its co-administration with acrylonitrile attenuates oxidative stress (El Sayed et al 2008). Moreover, HES was reported to enhance immune competence, and decrease irradiationinduced infl ammation (Lee et al 2011).…”

Differential protection of pre- versus post-treatment with curcumin, Trolox, and N -acetylcysteine against acrylonitrile-induced cytotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes

“…Our findings offer new evidence that natural and chemically synthesized antioxidants provide neuroprotection against AN-induced neurotoxicity (Benz et al, 1990;Carrera et al, 2007;Esmat et al, 2007;El-Sayed et al, 2008;Guangwei et al, 2010;Mahalakshmi et al, 2003). Nonetheless, the efficacy of antioxidants in attenuating AN-induced astrocytic damage is dependent both on the timing and dosage of administration (Carrera et al, 2007;Gitika et al, 2006).…”